Helenium autumnale |
Helenium linifolium |
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common sneezeweed, fall sneezeweed, hélénie automnale, large-flower sneezeweed, mountain sneezeweed |
slimleaf sneezeweed |
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Habit | Perennials, 50–130 cm. | Annuals, 20–80 cm. |
Stems | 1(–7), branched distally, strongly winged, sparsely to densely hairy proximally, moderately to densely hairy distally. |
usually 1, branched distally, narrowly winged, sparsely hairy proximally, moderately hairy distally. |
Leaves | usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes glabrous; basal blades (withered by flowering) lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, entire or weakly lobed; proximal and mid blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually dentate or entire; distal blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or dentate. |
glabrous or sparsely hairy (basal withered by flowering); proximal blades lance-linear, usually coarsely or irregularly laciniate; mid and distal blades lance-linear to linear, entire. |
Peduncles | 3–10 cm, moderately to densely hairy. |
2–8 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy. |
Involucres | globoid, 8–20 × 8–23 mm. |
globose to slightly ovoid, 6–11(–13) × 6–11(–13) mm. |
Ray florets | 8–21, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow, 10–23 × 4–10 mm. |
8–9, pistillate, fertile; corollas yellow throughout or red proximally and yellow distally or red throughout, 6–12 × 3–8 mm. |
Disc florets | 200–400(–800+); corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 2.4–4 mm, lobes 5. |
150–300(–500+); corollas yellow-green proximally, brown to purple distally, 2.5–3.2 mm, lobes 5. |
Phyllaries | (connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy. |
moderately hairy. |
Heads | 5–70(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
5–50(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays. |
Cypselae | 1–2 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy; pappi of 5–7 entire, aristate scales (0.5–)0.9–1.5(–1.8) mm. |
1–1.2 mm, moderately hairy; pappi of 6(–7) entire, aristate scales 2–2.5 mm. |
2n | = 32, 34, 36. |
= 28. |
Helenium autumnale |
Helenium linifolium |
|
Phenology | Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct(–Nov). | Flowering (Feb–)Mar–May(–Jul). |
Habitat | Roadsides, fields, along streams, ditches, seepage areas, around ponds and lakes | Sandy soils, ditches, open pastures, edges of ponds and streams |
Elevation | 20–2600 m [70–8500 ft] | 10–200 m [30–700 ft] |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
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TX |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 431. | FNA vol. 21, p. 433. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | H. autumnale var. canaliculatum, H. autumnale var. fylesii, H. autumnale var. grandiflorum, H. autumnale var. montanum, H. autumnale var. parviflorum, H. latifolium, H. parviflorum | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 886. (1753) | Rydberg: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 34: 125. (1915) |
Web links |
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