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Helenium autumnale

common sneezeweed, fall sneezeweed, hélénie automnale, large-flower sneezeweed, mountain sneezeweed

slimleaf sneezeweed

Habit Perennials, 50–130 cm. Annuals, 20–80 cm.
Stems

1(–7), branched distally, strongly winged, sparsely to densely hairy proximally, moderately to densely hairy distally.

usually 1, branched distally, narrowly winged, sparsely hairy proximally, moderately hairy distally.

Leaves

usually moderately to densely hairy, sometimes glabrous;

basal blades (withered by flowering) lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, entire or weakly lobed;

proximal and mid blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually dentate or entire;

distal blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, entire or dentate.

glabrous or sparsely hairy (basal withered by flowering);

proximal blades lance-linear, usually coarsely or irregularly laciniate;

mid and distal blades lance-linear to linear, entire.

Peduncles

3–10 cm, moderately to densely hairy.

2–8 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy.

Involucres

globoid, 8–20 × 8–23 mm.

globose to slightly ovoid, 6–11(–13) × 6–11(–13) mm.

Ray florets

8–21, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, 10–23 × 4–10 mm.

8–9, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow throughout or red proximally and yellow distally or red throughout, 6–12 × 3–8 mm.

Disc florets

200–400(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 2.4–4 mm, lobes 5.

150–300(–500+);

corollas yellow-green proximally, brown to purple distally, 2.5–3.2 mm, lobes 5.

Phyllaries

(connate proximally) moderately to densely hairy.

moderately hairy.

Heads

5–70(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

5–50(–100+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

1–2 mm, sparsely to moderately hairy;

pappi of 5–7 entire, aristate scales (0.5–)0.9–1.5(–1.8) mm.

1–1.2 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of 6(–7) entire, aristate scales 2–2.5 mm.

2n

= 32, 34, 36.

= 28.

Helenium autumnale

Helenium linifolium

Phenology Flowering (Jul–)Aug–Oct(–Nov). Flowering (Feb–)Mar–May(–Jul).
Habitat Roadsides, fields, along streams, ditches, seepage areas, around ponds and lakes Sandy soils, ditches, open pastures, edges of ponds and streams
Elevation 20–2600 m (100–8500 ft) 10–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; ON; QC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 431. FNA vol. 21, p. 433.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
Synonyms H. autumnale var. canaliculatum, H. autumnale var. fylesii, H. autumnale var. grandiflorum, H. autumnale var. montanum, H. autumnale var. parviflorum, H. latifolium, H. parviflorum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 886. (1753) Rydberg: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 34: 125. (1915)
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