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hachinal, shrubby yellowcrest, sinicuiche

heimia

Habit Shrubs or subshrubs, terrestrial, 5–30 dm, glabrous throughout.
Stems

narrowly 4-winged or 4-angled.

erect, sparsely branched.

Leaves

15–55[–87] × 2–10 mm.

opposite to subopposite;

sessile or subsessile [petiolate];

blade lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, base narrowly attenuate.

Inflorescences

indeterminate, axillary, leafy racemes.

Flowers

sessile or subsessile, actinomorphic, monostylous;

floral tube perigynous, campanulate to turbinate;

epicalyx segments equal to or longer than sepals;

sepals (5 or)6, 1/3–1/2 floral tube length;

petals caducous, (5 or)6, bright yellow;

nectary absent;

stamens (10 or)12(–24);

ovary (3 or)4(–6)-locular;

placenta globose;

style slender;

stigma capitate.

Fruits

capsules, walls thin and dry, dehiscence loculicidal.

Capsules

globose, 3–4.5 × 3.5–5.5 mm.

Seeds

0.5–0.8 × 0.2–0.3 mm.

200+, subpyramidal and elongate;

cotyledons ± complanate.

Floral

tube 5–9 × 3–4 mm;

epicalyx segments linear-corniform, 2–2.5 mm, apex often in-curved;

sepals 1.5–2 × 1.5 mm;

petals broadly obovate, 5–10(–14) × 3–5 mm.

2n

= 16 (Mexico, Bolivia).

Heimia salicifolia

Heimia

Phenology Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Moist soil, streamsides in brushland.
Elevation 0–1500 m. [0–4900 ft.]
Distribution
from FNA
TX; Mexico; South America [Introduced in West Indies, Central America]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
Mexico; South America; Texas [Introduced in West Indies, Central America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Heimia salicifolia has an extensive native distribution from northern Argentina to southeastern Texas, with a gap in Central America. The species is employed in Mexico and parts of South America in traditional medicine and religious rites to induce mild auditory and visionary hallucinogenic effects. The array of medicinal applications also includes use as a strong anti-inflammatory, soporific, diuretic, and antisyphilitic, and for healing wounds. The effects obtained are due to the synergy of alkaloids present in the leaves (M. H. Malone and A. Rother 1994).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 1–3 (1 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10. Author: Shirley A. Graham.
Parent taxa Lythraceae > Heimia Lythraceae
Subordinate taxa
H. salicifolia
Synonyms H. syphilitica, Nesaea salicifolia
Name authority Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 3. (1822): Link in J. H. F. Link and C. F. Otto, Icon. Pl. Select. 5: 63, plate 28. (1822) Link: Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 3. (1822): Link in J. H. F. Link and C. F. Otto, Icon. Pl. Select. 5: 63, plate 28. (1822)
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