Flora of North America species comparison

with stoloniform-flagelliform branches absent.

1.5–3 mm;

margins broadly recurved to 1/3 leaf length, narrowly recurved to apex on one or both sides, or plane mid leaf and plane, erect, and/or incurved in acumen on same plant, teeth in apex broad, irregularly papillose to smooth;

apex erect, erect-spreading, or often secund when dry, broad and hyaline, muticous, or acuminate with acumen narrow-based, 1/10–1/5 leaf length, broadly or narrowly, shallowly or deeply channeled, extreme apex flat;

medial and distal laminal cells with papillae (1–)2(–4), small, simple, sessile, or low-stalked, variously branched;

laminal cells in hyaline area with papillae low, simple, in linear rows throughout or sparsely to coarsely and irregularly papillose proximally and smooth to minutely rounded-papillose distally;

apical cell short-rhomboidal, obtuse to truncate, (40–)50–75(–80) µm, multipapillose-coronate.

erect to subsecund and imbricate, not undulate-plicate, occasionally somewhat striolate when dry, 1.5–3 mm;

margins recurved or sometimes plane in proximal 1/2–2/3, plane, erect, or incurved in acumen, in larger leaves closely and irregularly dentate to spinulose-dentate in apex;

apex erect to patent when dry, wide-spreading and recurved or reflexed when moist, acute, acuminate, or subpiliferous, concolorous when muticous, or hyaline-white with pellucid tip, canaliculate-furrowed to tubular, papillose proximally, spinose-serrate medially, smooth apically;

alar cells oblate, quadrate, or short-rectangular, smooth to simple-papillose, walls even to thick and porose, region concolorous or color similar to mid basal region, in several rows along margins;

mid basal laminal cells long-rectangular, papillae 4–7, in 1 row, walls strongly thick, moderately to strongly porose, region strongly yellow- to red-orange across insertion or to 1/4–1/3(–1/2) leaf length;

medial cells 1- or multipapillose on both surfaces, papillae simple or multifid, walls thick, moderately to coarsely and irregularly porose-sinuate;

distal cells chlorophyllose and similar to medial cells, or echlorophyllose and differentiated, prorulose at distal cell ends, papillose;

apical cells pellucid, less papillose.

reddish brown, 0.5–0.9 mm, stout, hidden by perichaetial leaves.

autoicous;

perichaetial leaves to 4 mm, margins entire or ciliate distally.

deeply immersed, brown proximally, shiny red-brown at mouth, turbinate-urceolate when dry, subglobose, short-ovoid, or obovoid when moist, 1 mm, longitudinally wrinkled to sharply sulcate when dry, smooth except for neck, mouth wide;

stomata cryptoporic;

operculum planoconvex, sometimes subumbonate-apiculate.

naked, sparsely pilose proximally, or densely pilose throughout.

conic-mitrate, 0.5–0.9 mm, covering apex of capsule, pilose or naked.

19–30 µm, finely to somewhat coarsely vermiculate-papillose.

with leaves plane, margins long-ciliate distally.

sparsely to densely pilose.

with paraphyses few to many, smooth, occasionally papillose, often extending onto developing calyptra.