The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

blue milkwort

velvet-seed milkwort

Habit Herbs, sometimes somewhat suffrutescent, (0.5–)0.8–6(10) dm. Herbs or subshrubs, (0.7–)1.2–4(–7.5) dm.
Stems

usually erect, sometimes laxly so (rarely procumbent), hairs incurved (rarely glabrate).

erect, sometimes laxly so, hairs incurved or spreading.

Leaves

blade ovate, elliptic, spatulate, or linear proximally, to elliptic, lanceolate, or linear distally (often longer than proximal ones), 4–45(–65) × 1.5–4(–6) mm, base usually acute, sometimes cuneate or obtuse, apex acute to acuminate or obtuse, surfaces not translucent-punctate, hairs incurved.

blade oblong to broadly elliptic proximally, to elliptic-ovate, lanceolate, or linear distally, often longer than proximal ones, (5–)12–42(–80) × 1.5–12 mm, base obtuse or acute, apex usually obtuse to acuminate, sometimes bluntly rounded, surfaces not translucent-punctate, hairs incurved or spreading.

Inflorescences

terminal or leaf-opposed, racemes, loose, 2–12 × 0.9–1.4 cm;

peduncle 0.5–1.5 cm;

bracts linear to narrowly ovate.

terminal or leaf-opposed, racemes, loose, 1.5–15 × 1.5–3 cm;

peduncle 0.7–1.5 cm;

bracts narrowly ovate or lanceolate-ovate.

Pedicels

1–5 mm, pubescent.

2–6 mm, pubescent.

Flowers

purplish, wings rarely yellow, keel distally yellow or yellowish green, 3.5–6 mm;

sepals lanceolate, 2.2–3.5 mm;

wings ovate to suborbiculate, 3.5–5.5 × 2.4–4 mm, sparsely pubescent;

keel 4–5.7 mm, pubescent.

purplish, 4.5–7 mm;

sepals lanceolate, 2.2–3.5 mm, pubescent;

wings elliptic-obovate, elliptic, or suborbiculate, 4.5–5.8 × 2–3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent along middle and apically;

keel 4.8–5 mm, subglabrous.

Capsules

oblong, oblong-ovoid, broadly ellipsoid, or subglobose, 5–10(–11) ×4–7 mm, not translucent-punctate, glabrous and ciliolate, margins sometimes narrowly winged.

broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 7–10(–11) × 5–8 mm, not translucent-punctate, densely pubescent to glabrate.

Seeds

4–4.5 mm;

aril 0.6–1 mm, lobes vestigial or to 1/4 length of seed.

4–5 mm;

aril 1.3–3(–4) mm, covering less than 1/20 to 4/5 lengthof seed.

2n

= 30.

Hebecarpa barbeyana

Hebecarpa obscura

Phenology Flowering spring–late fall. Flowering spring–fall.
Habitat Gravelly or rocky soils, mostly limestone, or igneous or gypsum, arid or semi-arid scrub, open woodlands, chaparral. Sandy or rocky soils, mostly igneous, grasslands, open woodlands.
Elevation 400–2400(–2800) m. (1300–7900(–9200) ft.) 1200–2400 m. (3900–7900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Guanajuato, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sonora)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Hebecarpa barbeyana is very similar to 7. H. rectipilis; see that species for comments.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The key feature provided by S. F. Blake for diagnosing Polygala piliophora [known only from the type collection (US) in the Huachuca Mountains of Cochise County, Arizona] as distinct from Hebecarpa obscura was having aril lobes subequal or smaller than the apical umbo portion of the aril (versus longer than the umbo). The veil-like distal portion of the aril (below the umbo region) is without distinct lobes in H. obscura, even when it covers nearly 4/5 the seed body. Collections of H. obscura from scattered localities can have a reduced helmetlike aril, with the lobe region subequal or smaller than the apical umbo portion. The length of the aril lobe is not only variable within H. obscura but is a feature that varies within many species of Hebecarpa. Minor variations in pubescence and leaf and aril morphometrics within H. obscura do not seem worthy of taxonomic recognition, especially as the variants do not appear to be correlated with ecology or geography. Hebecarpa obscura is sometimes morphologically quite similar to H. barbeyana, despite their differences in ovary and fruit pubescence.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Polygalaceae > Hebecarpa Polygalaceae > Hebecarpa
Sibling taxa
H. macradenia, H. obscura, H. ovatifolia, H. palmeri, H. punctata, H. rectipilis
H. barbeyana, H. macradenia, H. ovatifolia, H. palmeri, H. punctata, H. rectipilis
Synonyms Polygalabarbeyana chodat, P. longa, P. racemosa, P. reducta Polygala obscura, P. orthotricha, P. piliophora
Name authority (Chodat) J. R. Abbott: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5: 134. (2011) (Bentham) J. R. Abbott: J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 5: 134. (2011)
Web links