Grimmia trichophylla
Grimmia anomala
grimmia dry rock moss, hair-point grimmia
grimmia dry rock moss
2–4 cm, central strand present.
1.5–3.5 cm, small central strand present.
clusters occasionally present in distal leaf axils.
in clusters, globular, yellowish green to orange, multicellular, on hyaline, deformed leaf apices.
loosely appressed, slightly twisted when dry, erecto-patent when moist, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, tapering to acute apex, 2–3.5 × 0.3–0.4 mm, usually sharply keeled, margins recurved on one or both sides, plane to erect distally, awns variable, short to long, smooth to denticulate, not conspicuously flattened at base, costa firm, projecting on abaxial side;
basal juxtacostal laminal cells long-rectangular (rarely short-rectangular), ± nodulose, thick-walled;
basal marginal laminal cells short- to long-rectangular, with thickened transverse walls;
medial laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular, slightly sinuose, thick-walled;
distal laminal cells 1-stratose, occasionally with 2-stratose ridges.
irregularly imbricate when dry, erect when moist, oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowed into a blunt chlorophyllose point, 1.5–2.5 × 0.4–0.8 mm, keeled, margins recurved on one or both sides, awns absent to very short, costa projecting on abaxial side;
basal juxtacostal laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular, straight, thin-walled;
basal marginal laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular with thickened transverse walls;
medial laminal cells rounded-quadrate, walls slightly sinuose, thin- or thick-walled;
distal laminal cells 1-stratose, in places 2-stratose, margins 1-stratose.
arcuate, 2–4 mm.
straight to slightly arcuate when moist, 3–5 mm.
dioicous.
dioicous.
occasionally present, exserted, oblong-ovoid, yellowish green to stramineous, striate when dry, exothecial cells thin-walled, annulus present, operculum rostrate, peristome teeth yellowish, papillose, deeply split and perforated.
extremely rare, exserted, brownish, oblong-ovoid, smooth, exothecial cells isodiametric, thick-walled, annulus present, operculum with long straight beak, peristome teeth orange, fully-developed, smooth proximally, perforated and papillose distally.
mitrate.
mitrate.
Grimmia trichophylla
Grimmia anomala
In North America, Grimmia trichophylla is principally a lowland species, occurring in the mountains up to about 1000 m., rarely higher. In the Southern Hemisphere, it may be found up to 4000 m. In New Zealand, the species is common, and in contrast to G. trichophylla in North America, frequently bears capsules. The New Zealand plants are usually smaller than American specimens, and the leaves are frequently contorted. The nearly cosmopolitan G. trichophylla has many phenotypes, and numerous subspecies and varieties have been described. In damp and shaded habitats, the awns may be short, just as in dry unfavorable habitats at high altitudes, where stunted specimens may occur with small, short leaves and reduced awns, or even with muticous leaves. Grimmia trichophylla has frequently been confused with related species such as 36. G. muehlenbeckii and 34. G. lisae (see discussions thereunder for identification details). Robust forms of G. trichophylla have been mistaken for G. austrofunalis (H. C. Greven 1997, 2003), which does not occur in North America. Although some of those plants have leaves of equal length along the stem, characteristic of G. austrofunalis, they also have both leaf margins recurved, and the medial and outer basal laminal cells are longer and more robust than in that species.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Because of the always abundant gemmae on leaf apices, Grimmia anomala has often been confused with G. hartmanii. Indeed, it has frequently been treated as a variety of that species (G. N. Jones 1933; E. Lawton 1971). However, as pointed out by O. Vitikainen (1969), the ecological and morphological features of G. hartmanii are so constant and distinct that there is no doubt that it can be treated as a separate species. Special features of G. anomala are stems with central strands, and longitudinal ridges on cell walls in the distal part of the leaf that resemble papillae in transverse section. It tends to prefer upland habitats. In contrast, G. hartmanii is principally a lowland species, frequently growing on boulders in forests. It lacks a central strand, and longitudinal ridges are absent. Its spreading, secund distal leaves taper to long, sharply keeled apices.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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CalFlora
MO Plants
PNW Herbaria
WildflowerSearch
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USDA Plants Database
MI Flora
