Flora of North America species comparison

1–2 cm, central strand absent.

1–4 cm, central strand present.

in clusters, multicellular, occasionally present in leaf axils.

ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 0.1–1.15 × 0.3–0.5 mm, keeled, not plicate, margins plane, awns 1–2 mm, very long, smooth to slightly denticulate, flattened basally, long-decurrent, costal transverse section prominent, semi-circular;

basal juxtacostal laminal cells rectangular, sometimes nodulose, thin- to thick-walled;

basal marginal laminal cells rectangular with thickened transverse walls, pellucid in 2–4 rows;

medial laminal cells rounded-quadrate, slightly sinuose, thick-walled;

distal laminal cells yellowish green, 1-stratose with 2-stratose ridges, not bulging, marginal cells 2-stratose, not bulging.

erect and appressed when dry, recurved to squarrose when moist, broadly lanceolate, tapering to an acute apex, 1.5–2.5 × 0.4–0.6 mm, keeled, margins recurved on one or both sides, awns absent to rather long, stout and denticulate, costa reniform, projecting on dorsal side, median layer of stereids present;

basal juxtacostal laminal cells short-rectangular to occasionally elongate, straight to slightly sinuose, thin- to thick-walled;

basal marginal laminal cells quadrate to short-rectangular, thickened transverse walls;

medial laminal cells oblate to rounded-quadrate, straight, thick-walled;

distal laminal cells 1-stratose with 2-stratose ridges, margins 2-stratose.

arcuate, 3–4.5 mm.

dioicous, perichaetial leaves enlarged.

dioicous.

absent in northern hemisphere material, emergent to shortly exserted, yellowish brown, oblate, exothecial cells irregularly short-rectangular, thin-walled, stomata absent, annulus of 1 row of quadrate, thick-walled cells, operculum mammillate to rostrate, peristome present, nearly fully-developed, split and perforated only in apex, papillose.]

occasionally present, exserted, ovoid, brown, shiny, weakly striate, exothecial cells thin-walled, annulus present, operculum rostrate, peristome teeth orange, fully-developed to irregularly cleft at apex, papillose.

mitrate.