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Short's hedge-hyssop

golden hedge-hyssop, gratiole dorée

Habit Perennials. Perennials.
Stems

decumbent, ascending, or erect, simple, sometimes few-branched, (8–)15–60 cm, sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent or glandular-pubescent proximally, glandular-puberulent distally.

decumbent to ascending or erect, simple or few-branched, 5–47 cm, glabrous proximally, sparsely glandular-puberulent distally.

Leaves

blade lanceolate-ovate to ovate or oblong, rarely linear-lanceolate in submersed forms, 5–28 × 4–15 mm, margins with (3–)5–10(–12) pairs of sharp teeth, apex acute, rarely obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent.

blade lanceolate-ovate to oblong or ovate-elliptic, sometimes linear-lanceolate on submerged plants, 5–26 × (1.5–)3–7(–9) mm, margins entire or with 1 or 2 pairs of teeth, apex obtuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous.

Pedicels

slender, 10–23 mm, length 0.5–2 times bract, sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent;

bracteoles 2, 3.5–7 mm.

slender, (3–)5–20 mm, length 0.4–2.1 times bract, sparsely glandular-puberulent;

bracteoles 2, 2–4 mm.

Flowers

sepals distinct, lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 3–7 mm;

corolla 9–13 mm, tube yellowish brown, veins blue or lavender, limb white;

style 3–4 mm.

sepals distinct, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3.5–7 mm;

corolla 8–15 mm, tube and limb yellow, rarely white or cream, veins yellow to orangish yellow, rarely white;

style 3.5–5 mm.

Capsules

globular, 1–2.5 × 1–2.5 mm.

ovoid, 2.2–4.5 × 2–3.5 mm.

Seeds

0.3–0.4 mm.

0.4–0.6 mm.

2n

= 16.

= 28.

Gratiola viscidula

Gratiola lutea

Phenology Flowering May–Oct. Flowering May–Oct.
Habitat Bogs, wet meadows, floodplain wetlands, beaver ponds, stream banks, seeps, shores of ponds and lakes. Acidic freshwater pondshores, blackwater stream banks, cypress savannas, acidic wetlands, swamps.
Elevation 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; MD; NC; OH; SC; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; MA; MD; ME; MI; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; VA; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC [Introduced in e Asia (Japan)]
Discussion

D. M. Spooner (1984) examined intraspecific variation in Gratiola viscidula and concluded that recognition of infraspecific taxa is not warranted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The name Gratiola aurea has been used widely for G. lutea due to questions about the applicability of the name by Rafinesque, which predates the name by Muhlenberg by two years. F. W. Pennell (1935) reviewed the nomenclatural history, noting that the type on which the name by Rafinesque is based, a collection by A. Michaux deposited at P, had been identified by A. Gray, M. L. Fernald, and S. F. Blake as G. neglecta. However, Pennell determined that the collection by Michaux was a mixed gathering and that the name by Rafinesque applies to the yellow-flowered element thereof.

Gratiola lutea (as G. aurea) has been reported from Crittenden County, Arkansas (W. H. Wilcox 1973); it is excluded from Arkansas in recent state checklists (E. B. Smith 1991; J. L. Gentry et al. 2013). Reports from Alabama may be based on misidentified specimens. A specimen identified as G. lutea has been collected in Japan (D. Estes 2008), where it was presumably introduced.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 269. FNA vol. 17, p. 267.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Gratiola Plantaginaceae > Gratiola
Sibling taxa
G. amphiantha, G. brevifolia, G. ebracteata, G. floridana, G. graniticola, G. heterosepala, G. lutea, G. neglecta, G. quartermaniae, G. ramosa, G. torreyi, G. virginiana
G. amphiantha, G. brevifolia, G. ebracteata, G. floridana, G. graniticola, G. heterosepala, G. neglecta, G. quartermaniae, G. ramosa, G. torreyi, G. virginiana, G. viscidula
Synonyms G. viscosa, G. viscidula subsp. shortii G. aurea
Name authority Pennell: Torreya 19: 145. (1919) Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 3, 2: 333. (1811)
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