Gratiola viscidula |
Gratiola lutea |
|
---|---|---|
Short's hedge-hyssop |
golden hedge-hyssop, gratiole dorée |
|
Habit | Perennials. | Perennials. |
Stems | decumbent, ascending, or erect, simple, sometimes few-branched, (8–)15–60 cm, sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent or glandular-pubescent proximally, glandular-puberulent distally. |
decumbent to ascending or erect, simple or few-branched, 5–47 cm, glabrous proximally, sparsely glandular-puberulent distally. |
Leaves | blade lanceolate-ovate to ovate or oblong, rarely linear-lanceolate in submersed forms, 5–28 × 4–15 mm, margins with (3–)5–10(–12) pairs of sharp teeth, apex acute, rarely obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent. |
blade lanceolate-ovate to oblong or ovate-elliptic, sometimes linear-lanceolate on submerged plants, 5–26 × (1.5–)3–7(–9) mm, margins entire or with 1 or 2 pairs of teeth, apex obtuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Pedicels | slender, 10–23 mm, length 0.5–2 times bract, sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent; bracteoles 2, 3.5–7 mm. |
slender, (3–)5–20 mm, length 0.4–2.1 times bract, sparsely glandular-puberulent; bracteoles 2, 2–4 mm. |
Flowers | sepals distinct, lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 3–7 mm; corolla 9–13 mm, tube yellowish brown, veins blue or lavender, limb white; style 3–4 mm. |
sepals distinct, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 3.5–7 mm; corolla 8–15 mm, tube and limb yellow, rarely white or cream, veins yellow to orangish yellow, rarely white; style 3.5–5 mm. |
Capsules | globular, 1–2.5 × 1–2.5 mm. |
ovoid, 2.2–4.5 × 2–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | 0.3–0.4 mm. |
0.4–0.6 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
= 28. |
Gratiola viscidula |
Gratiola lutea |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Oct. | Flowering May–Oct. |
Habitat | Bogs, wet meadows, floodplain wetlands, beaver ponds, stream banks, seeps, shores of ponds and lakes. | Acidic freshwater pondshores, blackwater stream banks, cypress savannas, acidic wetlands, swamps. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; MD; NC; OH; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; MA; MD; ME; MI; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; VA; VT; WI; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC [Introduced in e Asia (Japan)] |
Discussion | D. M. Spooner (1984) examined intraspecific variation in Gratiola viscidula and concluded that recognition of infraspecific taxa is not warranted. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The name Gratiola aurea has been used widely for G. lutea due to questions about the applicability of the name by Rafinesque, which predates the name by Muhlenberg by two years. F. W. Pennell (1935) reviewed the nomenclatural history, noting that the type on which the name by Rafinesque is based, a collection by A. Michaux deposited at P, had been identified by A. Gray, M. L. Fernald, and S. F. Blake as G. neglecta. However, Pennell determined that the collection by Michaux was a mixed gathering and that the name by Rafinesque applies to the yellow-flowered element thereof. Gratiola lutea (as G. aurea) has been reported from Crittenden County, Arkansas (W. H. Wilcox 1973); it is excluded from Arkansas in recent state checklists (E. B. Smith 1991; J. L. Gentry et al. 2013). Reports from Alabama may be based on misidentified specimens. A specimen identified as G. lutea has been collected in Japan (D. Estes 2008), where it was presumably introduced. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 269. | FNA vol. 17, p. 267. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Gratiola | Plantaginaceae > Gratiola |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | G. viscosa, G. viscidula subsp. shortii | G. aurea |
Name authority | Pennell: Torreya 19: 145. (1919) | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 3, 2: 333. (1811) |
Web links |