Gratiola virginiana |
Gratiola amphiantha |
|
---|---|---|
round-fruit hedge-hyssop, Virginia hedge-hyssop |
pool sprite, snorkelwort |
|
Habit | Annuals. | Annuals. |
Stems | ascending to erect, simple or few-branched, 4–50 cm, glabrous or glabrate proximally, glabrous or glandular-puberulent distally. |
erect, simple or few-branched, (7–)9–21(–29) cm, glabrous or glabrate proximally, glabrate or glandular-puberulent distally. |
Leaves | blade lanceolate to elliptic or oblong-obovate, 15–70 × 5–25 mm, margins entire or with 1–4 pairs of blunt or sharp teeth distally, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
dimorphic, submersed basal and clustered, floating paired at ends of branches to 70 mm, blade of submersed lanceolate to oblanceolate or oblong, 1–7 × 0.5–3 mm, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous, blade of floating elliptic to ovate or nearly round, 3–10 × 2–9 mm, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded or retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Pedicels | stout, 1–12 mm, length 0.1–0.3 times bract, glabrous or sparsely glandular-puberulent; bracteoles 2, 2–6 mm. |
stout, 0.1–3 mm, length less than 0.1 times bract, glabrous; bracteoles 0. |
Flowers | sepals distinct, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate or oblong, 4–7 mm; corolla 8–15 mm, tube greenish white to greenish yellow or yellow, veins purple or brownish purple, limb white, sometimes tinged lavender; style 2–4 mm. |
sepals connate proximally, calyx lobes obovate to oblong, 0.7–1 mm; corolla 3–4 mm, tube and limb white tinged pink or purple, veins lavender or purple; style 0.5–1 mm. |
Capsules | subglobular, (3–)4–9 × 4–8 mm. |
bilaterally symmetric, obcordiform, 2–3 × 3–4 mm. |
Seeds | 0.7–0.8 mm. |
(0.3–)0.4–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 16. |
= 18. |
Gratiola virginiana |
Gratiola amphiantha |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Oct. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Stream banks, swamps, floodplain pools and ponds, swamps. | Shallow, ephemeral pools on exposed granite outcrops. |
Elevation | 0–500 m. (0–1600 ft.) | 100–300 m. (300–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OH; OK; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV [Introduced in Mexico (Veracruz)]
|
AL; GA; SC |
Discussion | Some plants from tidal wetlands in Maryland, New Jersey, and Virginia are purportedly relatively shorter in stature and bear shorter pedicels and smaller capsules than most plants of Gratiola virginiana. They have been treated as var. aestuariorum; the distinctness of var. aestuariorum has not been assessed in the context of morphological variation across the range of G. virginiana. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Phylogenetic studies confirmed that Gratiola amphiantha, long treated in monospecific Amphianthus, is embedded in Gratiola (D. Estes and R. L. Small 2008). Gratiola amphiantha is listed as a federally-threatened species by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 269. | FNA vol. 17, p. 266. |
Parent taxa | Plantaginaceae > Gratiola | Plantaginaceae > Gratiola |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | G. virginiana var. aestuariorum | Amphianthus pusillus |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 17; 2: 1200. (1753) | D. Estes & R. L. Small: Syst. Bot. 33: 181. (2008) |
Web links |