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pool sprite, snorkelwort

Short's hedge-hyssop

Habit Annuals. Perennials.
Stems

erect, simple or few-branched, (7–)9–21(–29) cm, glabrous or glabrate proximally, glabrate or glandular-puberulent distally.

decumbent, ascending, or erect, simple, sometimes few-branched, (8–)15–60 cm, sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent or glandular-pubescent proximally, glandular-puberulent distally.

Leaves

dimorphic, submersed basal and clustered, floating paired at ends of branches to 70 mm, blade of submersed lanceolate to oblanceolate or oblong, 1–7 × 0.5–3 mm, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces glabrous, blade of floating elliptic to ovate or nearly round, 3–10 × 2–9 mm, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded or retuse, surfaces glabrous.

blade lanceolate-ovate to ovate or oblong, rarely linear-lanceolate in submersed forms, 5–28 × 4–15 mm, margins with (3–)5–10(–12) pairs of sharp teeth, apex acute, rarely obtuse, surfaces sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent.

Pedicels

stout, 0.1–3 mm, length less than 0.1 times bract, glabrous;

bracteoles 0.

slender, 10–23 mm, length 0.5–2 times bract, sparsely to densely glandular-puberulent;

bracteoles 2, 3.5–7 mm.

Flowers

sepals connate proximally, calyx lobes obovate to oblong, 0.7–1 mm;

corolla 3–4 mm, tube and limb white tinged pink or purple, veins lavender or purple;

style 0.5–1 mm.

sepals distinct, lanceolate to elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 3–7 mm;

corolla 9–13 mm, tube yellowish brown, veins blue or lavender, limb white;

style 3–4 mm.

Capsules

bilaterally symmetric, obcordiform, 2–3 × 3–4 mm.

globular, 1–2.5 × 1–2.5 mm.

Seeds

(0.3–)0.4–0.5 mm.

0.3–0.4 mm.

2n

= 18.

= 16.

Gratiola amphiantha

Gratiola viscidula

Phenology Flowering Mar–Apr. Flowering May–Oct.
Habitat Shallow, ephemeral pools on exposed granite outcrops. Bogs, wet meadows, floodplain wetlands, beaver ponds, stream banks, seeps, shores of ponds and lakes.
Elevation 100–300 m. (300–1000 ft.) 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; GA; SC
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
DC; DE; FL; GA; KY; MD; NC; OH; SC; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Phylogenetic studies confirmed that Gratiola amphiantha, long treated in monospecific Amphianthus, is embedded in Gratiola (D. Estes and R. L. Small 2008). Gratiola amphiantha is listed as a federally-threatened species by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

D. M. Spooner (1984) examined intraspecific variation in Gratiola viscidula and concluded that recognition of infraspecific taxa is not warranted.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 17, p. 266. FNA vol. 17, p. 269.
Parent taxa Plantaginaceae > Gratiola Plantaginaceae > Gratiola
Sibling taxa
G. brevifolia, G. ebracteata, G. floridana, G. graniticola, G. heterosepala, G. lutea, G. neglecta, G. quartermaniae, G. ramosa, G. torreyi, G. virginiana, G. viscidula
G. amphiantha, G. brevifolia, G. ebracteata, G. floridana, G. graniticola, G. heterosepala, G. lutea, G. neglecta, G. quartermaniae, G. ramosa, G. torreyi, G. virginiana
Synonyms Amphianthus pusillus G. viscosa, G. viscidula subsp. shortii
Name authority D. Estes & R. L. Small: Syst. Bot. 33: 181. (2008) Pennell: Torreya 19: 145. (1919)
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