Goodyera oblongifolia |
Goodyera |
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giant rattlesnake-plantain, goodyérie à feuilles oblongues, green-leaf rattlesnake-plantain, large-leaf rattlesnake orchid, Menzies' giant rattlesnake-plantain, Menzies' rattlesnake plantain, rattlesnake-plantain, western rattlesnake-plantain |
goodyérie, lattice-leaf, rattlesnake-plantain |
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Habit | Herbs, terrestrial, rhizomatous, scapose, glabrous except for rather sticky, multicellular hairs on peduncles, bracts, sepals, and ovaries. | |||||||||||||
Roots | arising from nodes of rhizome, fibrous. |
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Stems | erect, with rosette of leaves, not succulent. |
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Leaves | blade usually streaked with white only along midrib, sometimes with fine white lateral veins, especially near midrib, narrowly elliptic to ovate, 2.5–10.2 × 1.3–3.5 cm, apex acute. |
evergreen, more than 1, in basal rosette, petiolate; blade commonly marked with white to pale green. |
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Inflorescences | densely to loosely spiraled or secund, 10–48-flowered; peduncle 7–38 cm. |
terminal, 5–72-flowered spikes, erect; peduncles with sheathing bracts. |
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Flowers | lateral sepals 5.7–7.8 mm; petals connivent, hood 5–10 mm; lip deeply concave, boat-shaped, 4.9–7.9 × 1.3–3.2 mm, margins upright or involute, apex spreading or slightly recurved, blunt, inner surface with 4 unequal rows of glandular papillae; anther erect, base 1/3–1/2 immersed in cup-shaped clinandrium, apex acuminate; pollinia acuminate; rostellar beak 2-pronged, 2.3–3.6 mm, longer than body of stigma; viscidium elongate. |
resupinate, white, sometimes tinged green, ivory, or brown, sessile; sepals distinct, nearly equal; dorsal sepal and petals forming hood; lip free from column, fleshy, base concave to saccate, apex ligulate or pointed; anther 1, erect or inflexed; pollinia 2, sectile; rostellum notched or 2-pronged. |
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Fruits | capsules, erect, dehiscing along 3 ribs. |
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2n | = 30. |
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Goodyera oblongifolia |
Goodyera |
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Phenology | Flowering mid Jul–mid Sep. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Moist or dry coniferous or mixed woods, in East infrequent in cedar swamps, in s Rocky Mountains confined to high elevation spruce-fir forests | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–3400 m (0–11200 ft) | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; ME; MI; MT; NE; NM; OR; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; QC; SK; Mexico
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Nearly worldwide; primarily Southeast Asia; ca 16 species in Western Hemisphere |
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Discussion | In eastern North America, Goodyera oblongifolia is restricted to formerly glaciated areas. Plants with leaves white-reticulate on the lateral veins have been described as Goodyera oblongifolia var. reticulata. This segregate, essentially coastal in distribution, occurs from northern California to southeastern Alaska and is less frequent inland from British Columbia to New Mexico and in Michigan and Wisconsin. Because garden transplant experiments (J. A. Calder and R. L. Taylor 1968, vol. 1) have shown that both reticulate and non-reticulate leaves are found within the same clone, varieties are not recognized. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Species 40–100 (4 in the flora). The four species of Goodyera in the flora are sometimes difficult to distinguish, especially without flowers. This difficulty is compounded, even with flowers, by the intermediate nature of Goodyera tesselata, which is likely an allotetraploid derived from G. repens with white-reticulate leaves and G. oblongifolia, and by the presence of triploid hybrids in some mixed populations of the three species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 515. | FNA vol. 26, p. 514. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Goodyerinae > Goodyera | Orchidaceae > subfam. Orchidoideae > tribe Cranichideae > subtribe Goodyerinae | ||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | G. decipiens, G. oblongifolia var. reticulata, Peramium decipiens | |||||||||||||
Name authority | Rafinesque: Herb. Raf., 76. (1833) | R. Brown: in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 197. (1813) | ||||||||||||
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