Gentiana puberulenta
Gentiana latidens
downy gentian, prairie gentian
balsam mountain gentian
1–5(–20), terminal from caudex, erect or nearly so.
6–100+, terminal from caudex, erect or decumbent.
cauline, ± evenly spaced;
blade narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 1.5–7 cm × 4–18 mm, apex obtuse to acute.
cauline, ± evenly spaced;
blade ovate, 3–15 cm × 10–55 mm, apex acuminate.
1–6-flowered dense cymes or heads, sometimes with additional flowers at 1–3 nodes or on short branches.
1–20-flowered heads, sometimes with additional flowers at 1–3 nodes.
calyx 11–36 mm, lobes linear, 4–18(–25) mm, margins ciliate;
corolla deep blue or rarely rose-violet, narrowly campanulate, open, (30–)35–60 mm, lobes spreading or ± recurved, ovate, 6–15 mm, free portions of plicae divided less than 1/2 their length into 2 ± triangular, lacerate segments;
anthers distinct.
calyx 15–35(–45) mm, lobes spreading nearly horizontally when fresh, obovate, elliptic, ovate, orbiculate, or rhombic, 3–25(–35) mm, often strongly unequal, margins ciliate;
corolla blue, ± loosely closed, 30–55 mm, lobes ± incurved to nearly erect, ovate-triangular, 2.5–5 mm, free portions of plicae ± as long and wide as lobes, oblong, deeply and unequally bifid, summit erose;
anthers connate.
winged.
winged.
= 26.
Gentiana puberulenta
Gentiana latidens
Gentiana puberulenta is evidently extirpated from Ontario, Louisiana, Maryland, and New York, where outlying prairie communities have largely been eliminated by agricultural and urban expansion.
The name Gentiana puberula Michaux 1803, not Franchet 1890, and the homotypic synonym Dasystephana puberula (Michaux) Small have long and often been misapplied to this species but are typified by a specimen of G. saponaria.
Some small plants of Gentiana puberulenta appear similar to G. affinis var. affinis, but only a few specimens appear actually to be hybrids between these species. Where their ranges approach each other, the flowers of G. affinis are generally much smaller than those of G. puberulenta, and the corolla lobes of G. affinis are generally less than twice as long as the free portions of the plicae, whereas those of G. puberulenta are more than twice as long. The flower size of G. affinis var. ovata more closely approaches that of G. puberulenta, but in that variety, the range of which does not overlap that of G. puberulenta, the leaves are usually ovate to elliptic rather than narrowly oblong-lanceolate, and the distal internodes are often about as long as or longer than the leaves, in contrast to the proportionately shorter internodes of G. puberulenta. For further guidance in distinguishing between G. puberulenta and G. affinis, see discussion under 13. G. affinis.
Hybrids of Gentiana puberulenta with the strikingly dissimilar G. andrewsii, constituting G. × billingtonii Farwell (as species), and with G. flavida, constituting G. × curtisii J. S. Pringle, occur in the tall-grass prairies. Hybrids with G. saponaria formerly occurred in western Maryland.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Gentiana latidens is known only from the Plott Balsam and Great Balsam mountains and Pisgah Ridge in Haywood, Jackson, Macon, and Transylvania counties, and perhaps also in Clay County.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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