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broom, Greenwood

Madeira broom, Madeira dyer's greenweed, Madera broom

Habit Shrubs [small trees], armed or unarmed, 1–6 m. Stems erect, branched from base, slender, striate, persistently greenish, sericeous to glabrescent. Shrubs 1–6 m. Stems densely sericeous, hairs whitish to yellow-brown.
Leaves

often caducous, alternate or opposite, unifoliolate or odd-pinnate;

stipules present [absent], inconspicuous, adnate to leaf bases;

sessile or petiolate;

leaflets 1 or 3, blade margins entire, surfaces glabrous or pubescent.

petiolate;

stipules persistent, 1.5–6 mm;

petiole 5–10 mm;

leaflets 3, blades obovate to oblanceolate or elliptic, 5–25 mm, base tapering to cuneate, apex obtuse to rounded, often mucronate, surfaces densely pubescent abaxially, sparsely lanate adaxially.

Inflorescences

1–20[–30]-flowered, terminal or axillary, clusters or racemes [panicles], or flowers solitary;

bracts present.

3–20-flowered, terminal, racemes, 15–70 mm;

bracts 1–2.5 mm.

Pedicels

2–4 mm.

Flowers

papilionaceous;

calyx tubular-campanulate, bilabiate, abaxial lip 3-lobed, adaxial lip 2-lobed;

corolla yellow, petals clawed;

stamens 10, monadelphous;

anthers basifixed, dimorphic;

ovary sessile, style abruptly incurved distally, glabrous.

calyx 4–8 mm, densely sericeous;

banner widely ovate, 9–16 mm, glabrous;

wings and keel slightly shorter than banner, wings glabrous, keel pubescent abaxially.

Fruits

legumes, stipitate, compressed, narrowly oblong [falcate-rhomboid and inflated], dehiscent, not constricted between seeds, usually pubescent, rarely glabrous.

Legumes

narrowly oblong, 20–40 mm, sericeous.

Seeds

3–10, ovoid, cordate, ellipsoid, rhombic, or orbicular, strophiolate.

3–6(–10), olive to brownish or black, orbicular, 2.5–3 mm;

hilum red-orange.

x

= 24.

Genista

Genista maderensis

Phenology Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Disturbed areas.
Elevation 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
w Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced widely]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Atlantic Islands (Madeira) [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species ca. 90 (5 in the flora).

A. Kleist et al. (2014) found evidence suggesting multiple horticultural introductions of Genista monspessulana (French broom) in California. They also indicated that inter-taxon hybridization may also be occurring among the Genista populations in the state, possibly contributing to the invasive success of the species.

A small population of Genista pilosa Linnaeus was recently found on Vancouver Island, British Columbia (F. Lomer 7732, UBC V236493, Sep. 7, 2011).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Genista maderensis is known from Butte, El Dorado, Los Angeles, Monterey, and San Mateo counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Leaflets 1.
G. tinctoria
1. Leaflets 3.
→ 2
2. Leaflet blades linear to narrowly elliptic, margins revolute.
G. linifolia
2. Leaflet blades elliptic to oblanceolate, obovate, or elliptic, margins entire, sometimes ciliolate.
→ 3
3. Leaflet blades 5–10 mm; banners with V-shaped patch of pubescence from base to apex; wings and keel longer than banner.
G. canariensis
3. Leaflet blades (5–)10–25 mm; banners glabrous; wings and keel slightly shorter than banner.
→ 4
4. Inflorescences terminal racemes; bracts 1–2.5 mm; seeds orbicular, 2.5–3 mm, olive to brownish or black, hilum red-orange.
G. maderensis
4. Inflorescences dense, axillary clusters on short shoots; bracts 2–3 mm; seeds ovoid, 1–1.3 mm, tan to dark brown, hilum greenish yellow.
G. monspessulana
Source FNA vol. 11. Author: Debra K. Trock. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Genista
Sibling taxa
G. canariensis, G. linifolia, G. monspessulana, G. tinctoria
Subordinate taxa
G. canariensis, G. linifolia, G. maderensis, G. monspessulana, G. tinctoria
Synonyms Teline maderensis
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 709. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 318. (1754) (Webb & Berthelot) Webb ex Lowe: Man. Fl. Madeira 1: 123. (1862)
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