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Habit Plants large.
Stems

0.1–2(–3) cm.

Leaves

weakly to moderately concave, 0.5–2(–3) mm;

margins plane to strongly revolute, limbidium distinct to weak, of 1 or 2 rows of elongate incrassate cells;

apex occasionally hyaline with age;

costa short- to long-excurrent, awn brown, yellow-brown, or sometimes hyaline, smooth or rarely somewhat denticulate, 1/4–3/4 leaf length;

proximal laminal cells abruptly quadrate to rectangular, 1–2:1 away from costa, 2–4:1 along costa;

medial and distal cells long-hexagonal, 12–18(–20) µm wide, (3–)4–6:1.

Capsule

with endostome segments pale tan, brown, red-brown, or rarely pale yellow.

Spores

8–14(–16) µm.

Specialized

asexual reproduction rare, by deciduous brood branchlets in distal leaf axils, and rhizoidal tubers, red, spheric, 100–200 µm, cells smooth.

Gemmabryum caespiticium

Phenology Capsules mature Apr–Aug (spring–summer).
Habitat Disturbed soil, earth banks, rotten wood, rock, disturbed habitats
Elevation low to high elevations (0-4000 m) (low to high elevations (0-13100 ft))
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Africa; Pacific Islands; Atlantic Islands; Greenland; Asia; Europe; s South America; Mexico (Baja California, Hidalgo); Australia
Discussion

The combination of small caespitose plants with ovate-lanceolate concave leaves, strong awns, and inflated subalar cells on fertile stems is diagnostic of Gemmabryum caespiticium. The last character is also a diagnostic character of sect. Cladodium of Ptychostomum and known from a few other species in other genera (for example, Bryum dyffryense Holyoak).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 28, p. 131.
Parent taxa Bryaceae > Gemmabryum > sect. Caespitibryum
Sibling taxa
G. apiculatum, G. badium, G. barnesii, G. californicum, G. coronatum, G. demaretianum, G. dichotomum, G. exile, G. gemmiferum, G. gemmilucens, G. klinggraeffii, G. kunzei, G. radiculosum, G. ruderale, G. subapiculatum, G. tenuisetum, G. valparaisense, G. violaceum
Synonyms Bryum caespiticium, Ptychostomum imbricatulum
Name authority (Hedwig) J. R. Spence: Phytologia 91: 497. (2009)
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