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black foot gayophytum, black-foot groundsmoke, racemed groundsmoke, racemose groundsmoke

Habit Herbs glabrous or strigillose, rarely villous.
Stems

erect or spreading, branched mostly proximally, secondary branches few or none, branching not dichotomous, (5–)10–40 cm.

Leaves

little reduced distally, crowded, 10–25 × 1–3 mm;

petiole 0–5 mm;

blade narrowly lanceolate or elliptic to sublinear.

Inflorescences

with flowers arising as proximally as first 1–3 nodes from base.

Flowers

sepals 0.8–1.4 mm, reflexed singly or in pairs;

petals 1.3–1.8 mm;

pollen 90–100% fertile;

stigma subglobose, surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

ascending, flattened, 10–15 × 0.8–1.4 mm, not constricted between seeds, valve margins entire or slightly undulate, all valves free from septum after dehiscence, septum straight;

pedicel 0.4–2 mm.

Seeds

(10–)14–34, all developing, arranged obliquely to septum and subopposite seeds in adjacent locule, forming 2 even rows in capsule, light to dark brown, 0.8–1 × 0.3–0.5 mm, glabrous or densely puberulent.

2n

= 28.

Gayophytum racemosum

Phenology Flowering May–Oct.
Habitat Drying margins of meadows and pools.
Elevation 1000–4000 m. (3300–13100 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Gayophytum racemosum, on the basis of morphological and ecological observation, appears to be an allotetraploid derived from hybridization between G. decipiens and G. humile or a related species that is presumably extinct. Gayophytum racemosum is most readily distinguished from G. humile by the dehiscence of the capsules and from G. decipiens by branching habit and by the capsules, which are not as conspicuously flat in G. decipiens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Gayophytum
Sibling taxa
G. decipiens, G. diffusum, G. eriospermum, G. heterozygum, G. humile, G. oligospermum, G. ramosissimum
Synonyms G. caesium, G. helleri, G. helleri var. glabrum, G. humile var. hirtellum, G. racemosum var. caesium, G. ramosissimum var. pygmeum
Name authority Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 514. (1840)
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