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dwarf groundsmoke

hair-stem groundsmoke, pinyon gayophytum, pinyon groundsmoke

Habit Herbs glabrous or sparsely and minutely glandular distally. Herbs glabrous or sparsely strigillose distally.
Stems

erect, unbranched or spreading and branched near base, secondary branches few or none, branching not dichotomous, 5–20(–30) cm.

erect, profusely branched throughout, usually at every other node, branching dichotomous except near base, 10–50 cm.

Leaves

little reduced distally, crowded and often exceeding subtending internode, 10–25 × 1–3 mm;

petiole 0–10 mm;

blade very narrowly elliptic or lanceolate to sublinear.

reduced distally, 10–40 × 1–5 mm;

petiole 0–3(–10) mm;

blade very narrowly lanceolate to sublinear.

Inflorescences

with flowers arising as proximally as first 1–3 nodes from base.

with flowers arising as proximally as first 5–15 nodes from base.

Flowers

sepals 0.6–1.3 mm, reflexed singly;

petals 0.8–1.5mm;

pollen 90–100% fertile;

stigma subglobose, surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

sepals 0.4–0.8 mm, reflexed singly;

petals 0.7–1.2(–1.5) mm;

pollen 90–100% fertile;

stigma subglobose, surrounded by anthers at anthesis.

Capsules

ascending, flattened, 8–17 × 1–2 mm, not constricted between seeds, valve margins entire or minutely undulate, 2 valves remaining attached to septum after dehiscence, septum straight;

pedicel 0–0.5 mm.

ascending to reflexed, subterete, 3–9 × 0.8–1.2 mm, with inconspicuous constrictions between seeds, valve margins entire or weakly undulate, all valves free from septum after dehiscence, septum straight;

pedicel (3–)5–12 mm.

Seeds

24–50, all developing, arranged obliquely to septum and subopposite seeds in adjacent locule, forming 2 even rows in capsule, light brown, 0.7–1.1 × 0.3–0.4 mm, glabrous.

10–30, all developing, arranged ± parallel to septum and in alternating pattern between locules, crowded, overlapping, often appearing to form 2 irregular rows in each locule, brown or gray mottled with brown, 1–1.5 × 0.5–0.7 mm, glabrous.

2n

= 14.

= 14.

Gayophytum humile

Gayophytum ramosissimum

Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering May–Sep.
Habitat Drying margins of meadows, streams, lakes and pools. Sagebrush communities.
Elevation 800–3000 m. (2600–9800 ft.) 500–3000 m. (1600–9800 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; WY; South America (Argentina, Chile)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Gayophytum humile is most similar to the allotetraploid G. racemosum and, on the basis of morphology, may be one of its parents. The two species are most distinct in their mature capsules; in G. humile the two lateral valves remain attached to the septum at dehiscence, whereas in G. racemosum all four valves separate from the septum at dehiscence.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Gayophytum ramosissimum is similar to some individuals of G. diffusum subsp. parviflorum and has probably contributed to the extensive variation of the G. diffusum tetraploid complex. Gayophytum ramosissimum is most readily distinguished from G. diffusum subsp. parviflorum by its capsule being shorter than the pedicel.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 10. FNA vol. 10.
Parent taxa Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Gayophytum Onagraceae > subfam. Onagroideae > tribe Onagreae > Gayophytum
Sibling taxa
G. decipiens, G. diffusum, G. eriospermum, G. heterozygum, G. oligospermum, G. racemosum, G. ramosissimum
G. decipiens, G. diffusum, G. eriospermum, G. heterozygum, G. humile, G. oligospermum, G. racemosum
Synonyms Gayophytumnuttallii torrey G. ramosissimum var. deflexum, G. ramosissimum var. obtusum
Name authority A. Jussieu: Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 25: 18, plate 4. (1832) Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 513. (1840)
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