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black huckleberry, crackleberry

bear huckleberry, mountain huckleberry

Habit Plants 3–10(–15) dm, forming small to extensive colonies; branches spreading; twigs of current season pale green, glabrous. Plants 3–10(–15) dm, forming small to extensive colonies; branches spreading; twigs of current season pale green to light brown, sparsely hairy.
Leaves

petiole 1–2(–4) mm;

blade pale green abaxially, green to yellowish green adaxially, ovate to oblong, (2–)2.5–5 × 1–2.5 cm, membranous to subcoriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, sometimes puberulent on major veins, sessile-glandular.

petiole 1–2 mm;

blade greenish white abaxially, green to yellowish green or reddish green adaxially, ovate to oblong, 2.5–6 × 2.3–4 cm, membranous, base rounded to cuneate, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface sessile-glandular, hairy along veins, adaxial surface glabrous.

Inflorescences

drooping, 3–7-flowered, bracteate, 0.5–1.5 cm, glabrous;

bracts early-deciduous, not leaflike (linear-lanceolate), 2–4 mm, shorter than pedicels, glabrous, sessile-glandular.

spreading or drooping, 4–6-flowered, bracteate, 0.7–2.5 cm, glabrous;

bracts early-deciduous, leaflike, 1–2 mm, shorter than pedicels, glabrous, sessile-glandular.

Pedicels

3–6 mm, glabrous, sessile-glandular;

bracteoles 1(–2), 1–2 mm.

6–9 mm, sparsely hairy (hairs red), sessile-glandular;

bracteoles 1–2, 1–1.5 mm.

Flowers

sepals 5, 0.7–1 mm, glabrous, sessile-glandular;

petals 4–5, corolla orange to red, campanulate-conic, 4–5 mm, lobes 0.5–0.7 mm;

filaments 2 mm, glabrous;

anthers included, 2.2–2.5 mm, thecae divergent distally;

ovary glabrous.

sepals 5, 0.5 mm, glabrous, sparsely sessile-glandular;

petals 4–5, corolla greenish white, urceolate, 4–5 mm, lobes ovate-deltate, ca. 1 mm;

filaments 3–3.5 mm, glabrous;

anthers included, 1 mm, thecae not divergent;

ovary glabrous.

Drupes

juicy, sweet, glossy black (sometimes blue, rarely white), 6–7 mm diam., glabrous.

juicy, sweet, glossy black, 7–10 mm diam., glabrous.

Seeds

ca. 2 mm.

1 mm, smooth.

2n

= 24.

Gaylussacia baccata

Gaylussacia ursina

Phenology Flowering late spring. Flowering late spring.
Habitat Sandy or rocky soil in deciduous, pine, or mixed woods, roadsides, pastures, and utility rights-of-way, wet, acidic bogs, fens Deciduous or open pine woods (often dominant in Table Mountain Pine-Pitch Pine Woodland), common in moister forests downslope, often associated with Rhododendron maximum
Elevation 0-800 m (0-2600 ft) 500-1500 m (1600-4900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
GA; NC; SC; TN
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Gaylussacia ursina is a southern Appalachian Mountains endemic that often forms large, clonal patches; it is abundant within much of its narrow range.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 534. FNA vol. 8, p. 535.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Gaylussacia Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Gaylussacia
Sibling taxa
G. bigeloviana, G. brachycera, G. dumosa, G. frondosa, G. mosieri, G. nana, G. orocola, G. tomentosa, G. ursina
G. baccata, G. bigeloviana, G. brachycera, G. dumosa, G. frondosa, G. mosieri, G. nana, G. orocola, G. tomentosa
Synonyms Andromeda baccata, Decachaena baccata, G. baccata var. glaucocarpa Decachaena ursina, Vaccinium ursinum
Name authority (Wangenheim) K. Koch: Dendrologie 2(1): 93. 1872 , (M. A. Curtis) Torrey & A. Gray: Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 3: 49. (1846)
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