Gaylussacia baccata |
Ericaceae subfam. vaccinioideae |
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black huckleberry, crackleberry |
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Habit | Plants 3–10(–15) dm, forming small to extensive colonies; branches spreading; twigs of current season pale green, glabrous. | |
Stems | erect, arching, spreading, creeping, or procumbent. |
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Leaves | petiole 1–2(–4) mm; blade pale green abaxially, green to yellowish green adaxially, ovate to oblong, (2–)2.5–5 × 1–2.5 cm, membranous to subcoriaceous, base cuneate, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, sometimes puberulent on major veins, sessile-glandular. |
deciduous or persistent, alternate, sometimes pseudoverticillate (Pieris); petiole usually present, sometimes absent (some species of Vaccinium); blade plane, abaxial groove absent. |
Inflorescences | drooping, 3–7-flowered, bracteate, 0.5–1.5 cm, glabrous; bracts early-deciduous, not leaflike (linear-lanceolate), 2–4 mm, shorter than pedicels, glabrous, sessile-glandular. |
usually axillary, sometimes terminal, usually panicles or racemes, sometimes corymbs or fascicles, sometimes solitary flowers, (borne on leafy twigs, except Zenobia on leafless twigs); perulae absent; bracts much shorter than sepals (sometimes absent). |
Pedicels | 3–6 mm, glabrous, sessile-glandular; bracteoles 1(–2), 1–2 mm. |
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Flowers | sepals 5, 0.7–1 mm, glabrous, sessile-glandular; petals 4–5, corolla orange to red, campanulate-conic, 4–5 mm, lobes 0.5–0.7 mm; filaments 2 mm, glabrous; anthers included, 2.2–2.5 mm, thecae divergent distally; ovary glabrous. |
pendulous; perianth and androecium hypogynous or epigynous (Gaylussacia, Vaccinium); sepals (4-)5[-8]; petals 4-5(-6), connate (rarely distinct or nearly so in some species of Vaccinium), corolla deciduous, campanulate, cylindric, or urceolate, lobes usually much shorter (sometimes longer) than tube; intrastaminal nectary disc absent or present; stamens 8-10[-16]; anthers dehiscent by terminal pores or short slits; ovary 5- or 10-locular; placentation axile; style straight. |
Fruits | capsular, dehiscence loculicidal, or baccate or drupaceous, indehiscent. |
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Drupes | juicy, sweet, glossy black (sometimes blue, rarely white), 6–7 mm diam., glabrous. |
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Seeds | ca. 2 mm. |
2-300, distinct, ovoid or obovoid to ellipsoid, lanceoloid, or conic, to angular or wedge- or crescent-shaped, usually not winged, sometimes slightly winged or tailed. |
2n | = 24. |
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Gaylussacia baccata |
Ericaceae subfam. vaccinioideae |
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Phenology | Flowering late spring. | |
Habitat | Sandy or rocky soil in deciduous, pine, or mixed woods, roadsides, pastures, and utility rights-of-way, wet, acidic bogs, fens | |
Elevation | 0-800 m (0-2600 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC
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Nearly worldwide; especially arctic; temperate; and alpine areas; also very diverse in neotropical cloud forests |
Discussion | Genera 46, species ca. 1600 (12 genera, 58 species in the flora) (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 534. | FNA vol. 8, p. 496. |
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Gaylussacia | Ericaceae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Andromeda baccata, Decachaena baccata, G. baccata var. glaucocarpa | |
Name authority | (Wangenheim) K. Koch: Dendrologie 2(1): 93. 1872 , | Arnott: M. Napier, Encycl. Brit. ed. 7 5: 118. (1832) — (as Vaccinieae) |
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