Gaultheria pyroloides |
Gaultheria humifusa |
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Miquel's spicy or Japanese wintergreen |
alpine spicy wintergreen, alpine teaberry, alpine-wintergreen |
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Habit | Shrubs, erect or, rarely, creeping, not mat-forming, rhizomatous, with adventitious roots. | Subshrubs, creeping, mat-forming, stoloniferous; roots adventitious or fibrous. |
Stems | (slender to stout), 10–30 cm, glabrous. |
spreading and repent, 10–30 cm, (slender), usually hirtellous, sometimes glabrous. |
Leaf | blades oval to obovate or elliptic, 1.5–3.5 cm, base cuneate to rounded, margins serrate to ± crenate (teeth usually tipped with minute, glandular bristles), apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous. |
blades orbiculate, ovate, or broadly elliptic, 1–2.5 cm, base obtuse to rounded, margins serrulate (teeth bristle-tipped), apex obtuse or acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary, drooping, secund racemes; peduncle reddish, 2–6 cm, sparsely hairy; bracts light green, oblanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm, not exceeding sepals, glabrous. |
axillary, solitary flowers; bracts green with reddish margins, broadly ovate, 2.5–3 mm, exceeding sepals, glabrous. |
Pedicels | green, 4–8 mm, sparsely hairy; bracteoles 1–3, pink to reddish, narrowly oblanceolate to subulate, 1–2 mm, glabrous. |
green, 0.5–1.5 mm, glabrous; bracteoles 1–3, green or pink-tinged, deltate, 0.5–1 mm, glabrous. |
Flowers | sepals 5, connate ca. 1/2 their lengths, dark green, deltate, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous; petals 5, connate nearly their entire lengths, cream to light pink, 5–6 mm, glabrous, corolla urceolate, lobes 0.5 mm; filaments broadest proximally, tapering distally, minutely ciliate marginally; anthers with 2 bifurcating awns, dehiscent by subterminal pores proximal to awns. |
sepals 5, connate ca. 1/2 their lengths, red to deep pink, narrowly ovate, 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; petals 5, connate basally, white to pale pink, 2.5–4 mm, glabrous, corolla campanulate, lobes (spreading), 1.5–3 mm; filaments broadest proximally, glabrous; anthers without awns, dehiscent by terminal pores. |
Fruits | white, 6–8 mm wide. |
red, 5–7 mm wide. |
Gaultheria pyroloides |
Gaultheria humifusa |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug; fruiting Sep–Oct. | Flowering Jun–Jul; fruiting Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Alpine heath and rocky soils on mountain slopes | Coniferous woodlands and in moist soils along stream banks, subalpine to alpine wet meadows, rocky mountain slopes |
Elevation | 400-2900 m (1300-9500 ft) | 900-3700 m (3000-12100 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; e Asia (Japan) |
CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC
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Discussion | Gaultheria pyroloides is native on Honshu Island, Japan, and has been collected from a restricted location in Alaska, on the northeast corner of Kiska Island in the western Aleutians. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 514. | FNA vol. 8, p. 513. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | G. miqueliana | Vaccinium humifusum, G. myrsinites |
Name authority | Hooker f. & Thomson ex Miquel: Ann. Mus. Bot. Ludguno-Batavi 1: 30. 1863 , | (Graham) Rydberg: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 300. 1900 , |
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