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Oregon wintergreen, slender wintergreen, western tea-berry, western wintergreen

Miquel's spicy or Japanese wintergreen

Habit Shrubs, spreading, not mat-forming, rhizomatous; adventitious roots absent. Shrubs, erect or, rarely, creeping, not mat-forming, rhizomatous, with adventitious roots.
Stems

decumbent, branches ascending to erect, (reddish), 15–30 cm, lanate (hairs white to brownish), sometimes glabrescent.

(slender to stout), 10–30 cm, glabrous.

Leaf

blades broadly ovate to subcordate, 2–4 cm, base rounded to cordate, margins crenulate to serrate, apex acute to, rarely, rounded, surfaces glabrous.

blades oval to obovate or elliptic, 1.5–3.5 cm, base cuneate to rounded, margins serrate to ± crenate (teeth usually tipped with minute, glandular bristles), apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous.

Inflorescences

axillary, solitary flowers;

bracts reddish, ovate, 1–1.5 mm, not exceeding sepals, sparsely hairy.

axillary, drooping, secund racemes;

peduncle reddish, 2–6 cm, sparsely hairy;

bracts light green, oblanceolate, 2.5–3.5 mm, not exceeding sepals, glabrous.

Pedicels

green or red tinged, 1–1.5 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy;

bracteoles 2–6 (in pairs), dark green or red tinged, ovate, 1–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy.

green, 4–8 mm, sparsely hairy;

bracteoles 1–3, pink to reddish, narrowly oblanceolate to subulate, 1–2 mm, glabrous.

Flowers

sepals 5, connate basally, reddish, ovate, 1.5–2 mm, lanate-hairy;

petals 5, connate nearly their entire lengths, white to pinkish, 3–4 mm, glabrous, corolla urceolate to campanulate, lobes 1 mm;

filaments conspicuously wider proximally (base with rounded, auriclelike projections), glabrous;

anthers without awns, dehiscent by terminal pores.

sepals 5, connate ca. 1/2 their lengths, dark green, deltate, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous;

petals 5, connate nearly their entire lengths, cream to light pink, 5–6 mm, glabrous, corolla urceolate, lobes 0.5 mm;

filaments broadest proximally, tapering distally, minutely ciliate marginally;

anthers with 2 bifurcating awns, dehiscent by subterminal pores proximal to awns.

Fruits

bright red, 5–7 mm wide.

white, 6–8 mm wide.

Gaultheria ovatifolia

Gaultheria pyroloides

Phenology Flowering late May-early Jul; fruiting Aug–Sep. Flowering Jun–Aug; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat Relatively dry, mixed hardwood and coniferous forests, damp streamsides and moist soils, rocky slopes Alpine heath and rocky soils on mountain slopes
Elevation 300-1600 m (1000-5200 ft) 400-2900 m (1300-9500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; ID; MT; OR; WA; BC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; e Asia (Japan)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Gaultheria pyroloides is native on Honshu Island, Japan, and has been collected from a restricted location in Alaska, on the northeast corner of Kiska Island in the western Aleutians.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 513. FNA vol. 8, p. 514.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Gaultheria Ericaceae > subfam. Vaccinioideae > Gaultheria
Sibling taxa
G. hispidula, G. humifusa, G. procumbens, G. pyroloides, G. shallon
G. hispidula, G. humifusa, G. ovatifolia, G. procumbens, G. shallon
Synonyms G. miqueliana
Name authority A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 85. 1883 , Hooker f. & Thomson ex Miquel: Ann. Mus. Bot. Ludguno-Batavi 1: 30. 1863 ,
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