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gamochaeta pensylvanica, Pennsylvania cudweed, Pennsylvania everlasting, Pennsylvania everlasting-cudweed

desert cudweed

Habit Annuals, 10–50 cm; taprooted. Annuals, 2.5–20(–35) cm; usually taprooted, sometimes fibrous-rooted.
Stems

erect to decumbent or procumbent, loosely arachnose-tomentose.

erect to decumbent-ascending, densely and loosely arachnose-tomentose.

Leaves

basal and cauline, proximal usually present at flowering, blades spatulate to oblanceolate-obovate, 2–7 cm × 4–16 mm (becoming spatulate to oblanceolate bracts among proximal heads, surpassing glomerules, bases narrowed to petiolar regions, margins sinuate, apices often apiculate), faces concolor or weakly bicolor, loosely tomentose.

mostly cauline, basal usually withering before flowering, blades mostly oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate (± uniform in size and shape), 1–2.5(–3) cm × 2–6 mm, faces concolor or weakly bicolor, both loosely tomentose or adaxial glabrescent and greener.

Involucres

cupulate-campanulate, 3–3.5 mm, bases sparsely arachnose.

campanulate, 2.5–3 mm, bases sparsely arachnose.

Florets

bisexual 3–4; all (or at least bisexual) corollas usually purplish distally.

bisexual (2–)3(–4); all corollas purplish distally.

Phyllaries

in 3–4 series, outer ovate-triangular, lengths 1/2–2/3 inner, apices attenuate-apiculate, inner oblong, laminae often purple-tinged (at stereome), apices (transparent, sometimes golden) acute to obtuse.

in 3–4(–5) series, outer ovate-triangular, lengths 1/2–2/3 inner, apices broadly acute, inner oblong, laminae usually purple (immediately beyond stereome and along proximal margins), apices (whitish) rounded-obtuse.

Heads

in glomerules in continuous or interrupted, spiciform arrays 1–12 cm × 10–15 mm (pressed).

in capitate clusters (in smallest plants) ca. 1 cm or interrupted, spiciform arrays 1–3(–12) cm × 8–12 mm (pressed, sometimes branching at proximal nodes, glomerules subtended by divergent-ascending bracts similar to distal cauline leaves).

Cypselae

(tan) 0.4–0.5 mm.

(tan) 0.3–0.5 mm.

2n

= 28.

Gamochaeta pensylvanica

Gamochaeta stagnalis

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun(–Aug). Flowering (Mar–)Apr(–May).
Habitat Disturbed sites, exposed, moist soils, commonly partially shaded Sandy, often moist soils, washes, permanent streams, canyon bottoms, flower beds, riparian, desert grasslands, juniper-grasslands, creosote bush-mesquite-cholla, oak woodlands
Elevation 0–500 m [0–1600 ft] 900–1800 m [3000–5900 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; MS; NC; OK; PA; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; South America; Europe; Asia; Africa; Australia
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; Mexico
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Discussion

Gamochaeta pensylvanica is recognized by its obovate-spatulate, loosely tomentose and concolor or weakly bicolor basal and proximal cauline leaves, and similarly shaped spreading bracts among the heads. Occasional plants appear intermediate between G. pensylvanica and G. antillana. The latter differs in its more erect stems, linear to oblanceolate basal and proximal cauline leaves, and more nearly continuous arrays of heads with linear to narrowly oblanceolate bracts.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Morphologic differences between Gamochaeta antillana and G. stagnalis are subtle but consistent; the two are distinct in geography and ecology. The previous attribution of G. falcata (Lamarck) Cabrera to Arizona (G. L. Nesom 1990f) was based on specimens of G. stagnalis. Those plants have been misidentified as G. purpurea also.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 437. Treatment author: Guy L. Nesom. FNA vol. 19, p. 437. Treatment author: Guy L. Nesom.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Gnaphalieae > Gamochaeta Asteraceae > tribe Gnaphalieae > Gamochaeta
Sibling taxa
G. antillana, G. argyrinea, G. calviceps, G. chionesthes, G. coarctata, G. purpurea, G. simplicicaulis, G. sphacelata, G. stachydifolia, G. stagnalis, G. ustulata
G. antillana, G. argyrinea, G. calviceps, G. chionesthes, G. coarctata, G. pensylvanica, G. purpurea, G. simplicicaulis, G. sphacelata, G. stachydifolia, G. ustulata
Synonyms Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gnaphalium peregrinum Gnaphalium stagnale
Name authority (Willdenow) Cabrera: Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 9: 375. (1961) (I. M. Johnston) Anderberg: Opera Bot. 104: 157. (1991)
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