Gamochaeta pensylvanica |
Gamochaeta stagnalis |
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gamochaeta pensylvanica, Pennsylvania cudweed, Pennsylvania everlasting, Pennsylvania everlasting-cudweed |
desert cudweed |
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Habit | Annuals, 10–50 cm; taprooted. | Annuals, 2.5–20(–35) cm; usually taprooted, sometimes fibrous-rooted. |
Stems | erect to decumbent or procumbent, loosely arachnose-tomentose. |
erect to decumbent-ascending, densely and loosely arachnose-tomentose. |
Leaves | basal and cauline, proximal usually present at flowering, blades spatulate to oblanceolate-obovate, 2–7 cm × 4–16 mm (becoming spatulate to oblanceolate bracts among proximal heads, surpassing glomerules, bases narrowed to petiolar regions, margins sinuate, apices often apiculate), faces concolor or weakly bicolor, loosely tomentose. |
mostly cauline, basal usually withering before flowering, blades mostly oblanceolate to oblong-oblanceolate (± uniform in size and shape), 1–2.5(–3) cm × 2–6 mm, faces concolor or weakly bicolor, both loosely tomentose or adaxial glabrescent and greener. |
Involucres | cupulate-campanulate, 3–3.5 mm, bases sparsely arachnose. |
campanulate, 2.5–3 mm, bases sparsely arachnose. |
Florets | bisexual 3–4; all (or at least bisexual) corollas usually purplish distally. |
bisexual (2–)3(–4); all corollas purplish distally. |
Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, outer ovate-triangular, lengths 1/2–2/3 inner, apices attenuate-apiculate, inner oblong, laminae often purple-tinged (at stereome), apices (transparent, sometimes golden) acute to obtuse. |
in 3–4(–5) series, outer ovate-triangular, lengths 1/2–2/3 inner, apices broadly acute, inner oblong, laminae usually purple (immediately beyond stereome and along proximal margins), apices (whitish) rounded-obtuse. |
Heads | in glomerules in continuous or interrupted, spiciform arrays 1–12 cm × 10–15 mm (pressed). |
in capitate clusters (in smallest plants) ca. 1 cm or interrupted, spiciform arrays 1–3(–12) cm × 8–12 mm (pressed, sometimes branching at proximal nodes, glomerules subtended by divergent-ascending bracts similar to distal cauline leaves). |
Cypselae | (tan) 0.4–0.5 mm. |
(tan) 0.3–0.5 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
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Gamochaeta pensylvanica |
Gamochaeta stagnalis |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun(–Aug). | Flowering (Mar–)Apr(–May). |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, exposed, moist soils, commonly partially shaded | Sandy, often moist soils, washes, permanent streams, canyon bottoms, flower beds, riparian, desert grasslands, juniper-grasslands, creosote bush-mesquite-cholla, oak woodlands |
Elevation | 0–500 m [0–1600 ft] | 900–1800 m [3000–5900 ft] |
Distribution |
AL; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; MS; NC; OK; PA; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; South America; Europe; Asia; Africa; Australia
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AZ; NM; Mexico |
Discussion | Gamochaeta pensylvanica is recognized by its obovate-spatulate, loosely tomentose and concolor or weakly bicolor basal and proximal cauline leaves, and similarly shaped spreading bracts among the heads. Occasional plants appear intermediate between G. pensylvanica and G. antillana. The latter differs in its more erect stems, linear to oblanceolate basal and proximal cauline leaves, and more nearly continuous arrays of heads with linear to narrowly oblanceolate bracts. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Morphologic differences between Gamochaeta antillana and G. stagnalis are subtle but consistent; the two are distinct in geography and ecology. The previous attribution of G. falcata (Lamarck) Cabrera to Arizona (G. L. Nesom 1990f) was based on specimens of G. stagnalis. Those plants have been misidentified as G. purpurea also. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 437. | FNA vol. 19, p. 437. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Gnaphalium pensylvanicum, Gnaphalium peregrinum | Gnaphalium stagnale |
Name authority | (Willdenow) Cabrera: Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot. 9: 375. (1961) | (I. M. Johnston) Anderberg: Opera Bot. 104: 157. (1991) |
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