Galanthus |
Galanthus elwesii |
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perce-neige, snowdrop |
giant snowdrop |
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Habit | Herbs, perennial, scapose, from brown, tunicate, ovoid to globose bulbs; offset bulbs often present. | Plants to 9–15(–20) cm; bulbs 2–3 × 1.5–2 cm. | ||||
Leaves | 2(–3), basal, opposite, with sheathing blade, vernation flat and parallel, or convolute; nonsheathing blade erect to recurving at maturity, grayish green, linear-oblanceolate, glaucous; sheathing blade white, tubular, membranous, enclosing leaf bases and scape. |
vernation convolute, remaining so within basal sheath; blade narrowly oblanceolate, 10–30 × 0.5–2.5(–3.5) cm. |
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Scape | erect in flower, prostrate in fruit, green, solid. |
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Inflorescences | pendulous, 1-flowered, spathaceous; spathe bracteate, membranous; bracts 2, connate, split on 1 side. |
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Flowers | nodding, fragrant; perianath 2.5 cm or shorter; tepals 6, distinct, unequal; outer tepals spreading, white, narrowly obovate to almost orbicular, larger than inner; inner tepals overlapping, appearing tubular, green-spotted at apex only or apex and base, straight to semiorbicular, apex notched; stamens 6, inserted at bases of tepals, distinct; anthers basifixed, longer than filaments, bases lobed, apices tapered, dehiscense introrse, via terminal slits; ovary inferior, green, 3-locular, globose, septal nectaries present; style, white, unbranched, filiform; stigma indistinct to minutely capitate; pedicel wiry, short, slender. |
outer tepals white, elliptic to broadly obovate or nearly orbiculate, 2–2.5 × 1–2 cm; inner tepals white with green blotch at base and apex, or with green stripe from base to apex, narrowly obovate, 10–12 × (4–)6–7 mm; anthers 4–6 mm; ovary 5–8 × 4–5 mm; style 8–10 mm; pedicel (1.5–)3–4 cm. |
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Spathe | 3–5 cm. |
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Fruits | capsular, green, globose, fleshy, dehiscence loculicidal. |
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Seeds | 18–36, light brown, 3.5 mm, oblong to obtuse, elaiosomes fleshy. |
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x | = 12. |
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Galanthus |
Galanthus elwesii |
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Phenology | Flowering late winter–spring. | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, open forests, abandoned gardens | |||||
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
Europe; sw Asia (Asia Minor, Iranian Caucasus, and Caspian Sea regions) [Introduced in North America; introduced and naturalized elsewhere] |
NY; PA; se Europe; sw Asia (Turkey); expected elsewhere [Introduced in North America] |
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Discussion | Species 14–17 (2 in the flora). A number of Galanthus species, especially G. nivalis, are commonly cultivated for their late- winter and early–spring flowers, which emerge through the snow. Species of Galanthus are sometimes confused with Leucojum, snowflakes, a spring-flowering relative. The plants of Leucojum are usually taller, bear 2–3 flowers per stem, and their tepals are all equal. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 280. | FNA vol. 26, p. 280. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
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Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 288. (1753): Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 140. (1754) | Hooker f.: Bot. Mag. 101: plate 6166. (1875) | ||||
Web links |