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blanket flower, brown-eyed susan, common blanket-flower, common gaillardia, common Indian blanket, great-flower gaillardia

lanceleaf blanketflower, lanceleaf gaillardia, Winkler's blanketflower

Habit Perennials (sometimes flowering first year), 20–80 cm. Perennials (sometimes flowering first year) 10–60+ cm (sometimes rhizomatous).
Leaves

basal and cauline or cauline;

petiolar bases 5–15 cm;

blades oblanceolate to lanceolate, 5–15 cm × 5–30(–40) mm, margins raggedly pinnately lobed to toothed or entire, faces scabrellous and/or sparsely to densely villous (hairs jointed).

cauline;

petiolar bases 0–3+ cm;

blades narrowly elliptic, linear, obovate, or spatulate, 15–60 × 3–12(–22) mm, (bases of distal often clasping) margins remotely toothed or entire, faces usually closely scabrellous (hairs sometimes crisped).

Peduncles

(5–)20–35+ cm.

1–10(–20) cm.

Ray florets

(6–)12–18+;

corollas yellow or yellow/purple, rarely tubular and 5-lobed, usually distally laminate and 3-lobed, 15–35+ mm.

usually 6–12(–15), sometimes 0;

corollas pinkish to purple or yellow to cream or white, 13–25 mm.

Disc florets

60–120+;

corollas usually purple or purple-tipped, sometimes yellow, tubes 0.5–1.5 mm, throats cylindric to urceolate, 4.5–5.5 mm, lobes lance-ovate to triangular-attenuate, 1–2 mm, jointed hairs 0.3+ mm.

20–60(–100+);

corollas yellow or purple to purple-brown or bicolored, tubes 0.5–1 mm, throats stoutly cylindric to campanulate or urceolate, 3.5–5 mm, lobes attenuate-terete, 1.5–3 mm, jointed hairs to 0.3 mm.

Phyllaries

24–40+ ovate to lance-attenuate, 10–15+ mm, ciliate with jointed hairs (also strigose and gland-dotted).

15–26, lance-ovate to lanceolate, 6–14+ mm, scabrellous.

Cypselae

clavate (outer) to obpyramidal (inner), 2.5–6 mm, hairs 1.5–2.5 mm, inserted at bases;

pappi of 8 ovate to lanceolate, aristate scales 5–6 mm (scarious bases 1.5–3 × 0.4–1.5 mm).

1.5–2 mm, hairs 1 mm, inserted at bases and on angles and faces;

pappi of 8–10 lanceolate, aristate scales 5–7 mm (scarious bases 2–3.5 × 0.6–1 mm).

Receptacular

setae 2–6 mm.

setae 0 or 0.1–0.5+ mm.

2n

= 34, 68.

= 34, 68.

Gaillardia aristata

Gaillardia aestivalis

Phenology Flowering May–Sep. Flowering Jun–Oct.
Habitat Open places, usually among aspens or pines, or with sagebrush, often dry, sandy benches or bars Open places in grasslands, pinelands
Elevation 200–2900 m [700–9500 ft] 10–1200 m [30–3900 ft]
Distribution
from FNA
CO; CT; ID; MA; MN; MT; ND; NH; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; SK; YT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; KS; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plants with both ray and disc corollas wholly or mostly yellow to cream or white have been treated as a distinct species (Gaillardia lutea) or as varieties [G. aestivalis var. chrysantha (Small) Cronquist and G. aestivalis var. winkleri (Cory) B. L. Turner]. B. L. Turner (1979) formally recognized three varieties of G. aestivalis in the broad sense: var. aestivalis with purple discs, var. chrysantha with yellow discs, and var. winkleri with white discs. Although plants with yellow or white corollas may occur as local populations and may be distinguished by different ploidy levels, failing one or more additional distinguishing morphologic traits, they do not, in my opinion, merit formal taxonomic recognition.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 424. FNA vol. 21, p. 425.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Gaillardia Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Gaillardia
Sibling taxa
G. aestivalis, G. amblyodon, G. arizonica, G. coahuilensis, G. multiceps, G. parryi, G. pinnatifida, G. pulchella, G. spathulata, G. suavis
G. amblyodon, G. aristata, G. arizonica, G. coahuilensis, G. multiceps, G. parryi, G. pinnatifida, G. pulchella, G. spathulata, G. suavis
Synonyms Helenium aestivale, G. aestivalis var. flavovirens, G. chrysantha, G. fastigiata, G. lanceolata, G. lanceolata var. fastigiata, G. lanceolata var. flavovirens, G. lutea
Name authority Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 573. (1813) (Walter) H. Rock: Rhodora 58: 315. (1956)
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