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common fumatory, common fumitory, drug fumitory, fumeterre officinal, fumitory

Habit Plants 1-7 dm.
Inflorescences

, excluding peduncle, 3-7 cm;

bracteoles 1/2 to nearly as long as pedicels.

Flowers

pedicel straight and ascending in fruit, ca. 3 mm;

corolla 6-9.5 mm, spur ca. 2.5 mm;

petals purplish pink or white near base, deep reddish purple to maroon apically.

Capsules

subglobose, sometimes slightly depressed, 1.5-2 mm diam., ± warty or pebbled.

2n

= 32, 48.

Fumaria officinalis

Phenology Flowering spring.
Habitat Waste places, cultivated or fallow fields, thin woods, ditches, roadsides
Elevation 0-2100 m (0-6900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CA; CO; CT; DC; FL; GA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; SC; TX; UT; VA; VT; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; St Pierre et Miquelon; Europe; n Africa [Introduced, scattered localities]
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Discussion

Some plants in North America have conspicuously warty capsules with persistent styles. Similar plants in Europe were treated by M. Lidén (1986) as Fumaria officinalis subsp. wirtgenii (Koch) P. D. Sell. In all other characters, those plants are not significantly different from other members of the species, and they are not distinguished formally in this treatment.

Weaker, somewhat scandent plants with smaller, perhaps cleistogamous, white flowers and smaller fruits seem to be correlated with shaded situations. They are otherwise indistinguishable from other members of the species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Fumariaceae > Fumaria
Sibling taxa
F. capreolata, F. vaillantii
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 700. (1753)
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