Fumaria
Fumaria officinalis
fumeterre, fumitory, ramping-fumitory
common fumatory, common fumitory, drug fumitory, fumeterre officinal, fumitory
erect to reclining, branching.
cauline, sometimes also basal, compound;
blade with 3-4 orders of leaflets and lobes, margins entire, surfaces glabrous.
terminal on main stem and leaf-opposed branches, racemose.
, excluding peduncle, 3-7 cm;
bracteoles 1/2 to nearly as long as pedicels.
bilaterally symmetric about 1 plane;
sepals peltate with attachment near base, ovate, base rounded, margins ± lacerate, apex acute to acuminate;
outer petals inconspicuously crested, one basally spurred;
stamens with filaments of each bundle completely connate, adhering basally to petals;
ovary ovoid;
style promptly deciduous after anthesis, elongate;
stigma ± 2-lobed.
pedicel straight and ascending in fruit, ca. 3 mm;
corolla 6-9.5 mm, spur ca. 2.5 mm;
petals purplish pink or white near base, deep reddish purple to maroon apically.
indehiscent.
subglobose, sometimes slightly depressed, 1.5-2 mm diam., ± warty or pebbled.
1, elaiosome absent.
= 32, 48.
Fumaria
Fumaria officinalis
Species ca. 50 (3 in the flora).
Fumaria parviflora Lamarck was reported as adventive from Europe in central Texas by D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston (1970) and in central and southern coastal California by J. C. Hickman (1993). In the former treatment F. parviflora is said to differ from F. officinalis by having leaf segments with channeled lobes, and capsules obtuse to apiculate or beaked, while in the latter treatment it is reported to differ from that species by having shorter (3-4 mm), cream-colored petals, the inner ones tipped purple, and ± crested capsules. Evidently, the species is found in North America only as a waif and is not naturalized here. Fumaria martinii Clavaud, a synonym of F. reuteri Boissier according to M. Lidén (1986), was reported from southwestern British Columbia by B. Boivin (1966), but I have not seen specimens. Fumaria bastardii Boreau also has been reported from British Columbia, as an infrequent garden escape on roadsides, in waste places, and at forest edges in the southern part of the province (G. W. Douglas et al. 1989). It differs from F. officinalis in that the corolla is dark pink and 10-12 mm long.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Some plants in North America have conspicuously warty capsules with persistent styles. Similar plants in Europe were treated by M. Lidén (1986) as Fumaria officinalis subsp. wirtgenii (Koch) P. D. Sell. In all other characters, those plants are not significantly different from other members of the species, and they are not distinguished formally in this treatment.
Weaker, somewhat scandent plants with smaller, perhaps cleistogamous, white flowers and smaller fruits seem to be correlated with shaded situations. They are otherwise indistinguishable from other members of the species.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Pedicels rigidly arcuate-recurved in fruit; capsules smooth or nearly so; corolla 9–14 mm. | F. capreolata |
1. Pedicels straight and spreading to ascending in fruit; capsules slightly wrinkled, warty, pebbled, or shallowly pitted; corolla 5–9.5 mm. | → 2 |
2. Corolla 6–9.5 mm, spur ca. 2.5 mm. | F. officinalis |
2. Corolla 5–6 mm, spur 1–1.5 mm. | F. vaillantii |
- Local floras:
CA, 
OR, 
WA - Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos,
Flora NW, 
PNW Herbaria 
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist (observations)
USDA Plants Database- LBJ Wildflower Center
- SEINet
- Plants of the World Online
- Encyclopedia of Life
- Wikipedia
- Google Image Search
- Local floras:
BC, CA, OR, WA - Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW,
Go Botany, 
IL Wildflowers, 
KS Wildflowers, 
LA Plants, 
MI Flora, 
MN Wildflowers, 
MO Plants, PNW Herbaria - WildflowerSearch
- iNaturalist (observations)
- USDA Plants Database
- LBJ Wildflower Center
- SEINet
- Plants of the World Online
- Encyclopedia of Life
- Wikipedia
- Google Image Search
