Fuirena simplex |
Fuirena simplex var. simplex |
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western umbrella-sedge |
western umbrella-sedge |
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Habit | Herbs annual or perennial, mostly cespitose; rhizomes present or absent, if present without cormose buds. | Herbs perennial, 2–10 m; rhizomes scaly, without cormlike buds, stout and short to long and slender. | ||||
Culms | tufted or widely spaced, erect to leaning, culm tips hispid-hirsute, internodes glabrous proximal to inflorescence. |
tufted or in line on rhizome. |
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Leaves | sheaths at culm base or apex sometimes hairy, sheaths at or toward midculm usually glabrous; principal blades linear or lance-linear, flat, 5–20 cm, hispid-ciliate, abaxially hispid, pilose, or glabrous, adaxially glabrous to pilose. |
principal blades 5–20 cm, margins hispid-ciliate. |
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Inflorescences | of spikelets in clusters 1–3(–5). |
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Spikelets | ovoid, lance-ovoid, or cylindric, 8–15(–20) mm, apex acute; fertile scales obovate or oblong, 2–3.5 mm; cusp spreading-excurved, 2/3 or more length of scale; evident ribs 5–7, central 3 convergent to cusp. |
ovoid, lance-ovoid, or lance-cylindric, 8–15(–20) mm; fertile scales 2.5–3.5 mm. |
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Flowers | florets 2–3 mm; perianth bristles reaching base of perianth blades or beyond, retrorsely barbellate (sometimes with narrow blades); perianth blades with long claw, ovate, rounded or retuse, rarely acute, apically or subapically bristled, bristle erect or incurved, short to elongate, retrorsely scabridulous; anthers 1–3, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
anthers 3, 0.9–1.2 mm. |
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Achenes | stipe and beak nearly as long as fruit; body angles pale, faces deep glossy brown, red-brown, or yellow, 1 mm; beak tip narrow, usually papillose. |
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2n | = 30. |
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Fuirena simplex |
Fuirena simplex var. simplex |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | |||||
Habitat | Sands, clays, peats, gravels, often over limestones, in interdunal swales, seeps, low open woods, savannas and prairies, often along stream terraces | |||||
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AR; KS; LA; MO; NE; NM; OK; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
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AR; KS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico); n South America |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 36. | FNA vol. 23, p. 36. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Fuirena | Cyperaceae > Fuirena > Fuirena simplex | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | F. cylindrica, F. obtusiflora, F. primiera, F. schiedeana, F. squarrosa var. macrostachya, F. zacapana | |||||
Name authority | Vahl: Eclog. Amer. 2: 8. (1798) | unknown | ||||
Web links |