Fuirena scirpoidea |
Fuirena simplex |
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southern umbrella-sedge |
western umbrella-sedge |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, rhizomatous, 20–60 cm, glabrous; rhizomes elongate, often forking, scaly; corms absent. | Herbs annual or perennial, mostly cespitose; rhizomes present or absent, if present without cormose buds. | ||||
Culms | spaced along rhizome, erect, slender, wandlike, subterete, nodes swollen. |
tufted or widely spaced, erect to leaning, culm tips hispid-hirsute, internodes glabrous proximal to inflorescence. |
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Leaves | mostly sheath; principal blades cusplike, thickened, rarely over 4 mm. |
sheaths at culm base or apex sometimes hairy, sheaths at or toward midculm usually glabrous; principal blades linear or lance-linear, flat, 5–20 cm, hispid-ciliate, abaxially hispid, pilose, or glabrous, adaxially glabrous to pilose. |
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Inflorescences | strictly terminal; spikelets 1 or 2–5, sessile in clusters, exceeding short-linear subtending bract. |
of spikelets in clusters 1–3(–5). |
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Spikelets | ovoid to lance-ovoid, 7–10(–15) mm, apex blunt; fertile scales ovate to obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, ciliate; mucro erect, 1/2 or less length of scale; median ribs mostly 5. |
ovoid, lance-ovoid, or cylindric, 8–15(–20) mm, apex acute; fertile scales obovate or oblong, 2–3.5 mm; cusp spreading-excurved, 2/3 or more length of scale; evident ribs 5–7, central 3 convergent to cusp. |
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Flowers | perianth bristles equaling or slightly longer than perianth stipes, retrorsely barbellate; perianth blades ovate, as long as claws, 2–2.5 mm, base thinner, 3-ribbed, apex compressed-conic, apiculate; anthers linear-oblong, 2 mm. |
florets 2–3 mm; perianth bristles reaching base of perianth blades or beyond, retrorsely barbellate (sometimes with narrow blades); perianth blades with long claw, ovate, rounded or retuse, rarely acute, apically or subapically bristled, bristle erect or incurved, short to elongate, retrorsely scabridulous; anthers 1–3, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
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Achenes | body angles pale, wirelike, faces lustrous red-brown or chestnut brown, 1 mm; beak narrow, linear, distally papillate or scabridulous. |
stipe and beak nearly as long as fruit; body angles pale, faces deep glossy brown, red-brown, or yellow, 1 mm; beak tip narrow, usually papillose. |
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2n | = 46. |
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Fuirena scirpoidea |
Fuirena simplex |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | |||||
Habitat | Sands and peats, inner edges of brackish marsh, interdunal swales, mostly along seacoast | |||||
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX; West Indies (Cuba)
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AR; KS; LA; MO; NE; NM; OK; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 34. | FNA vol. 23, p. 36. | ||||
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Fuirena | Cyperaceae > Fuirena | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Scirpus scirpoideus, Vaginaria richardii | F. cylindrica, F. obtusiflora, F. primiera, F. schiedeana, F. squarrosa var. macrostachya, F. zacapana | ||||
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 38, plate 7. (1803) | Vahl: Eclog. Amer. 2: 8. (1798) | ||||
Web links |