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southern umbrella-sedge

saltmarsh umbrella-sedge

Habit Herbs perennial, rhizomatous, 20–60 cm, glabrous; rhizomes elongate, often forking, scaly; corms absent. Herbs perennial, cespitose, 20–50(–100) cm; rhizomes scaly; offshoots cormose.
Culms

spaced along rhizome, erect, slender, wandlike, subterete, nodes swollen.

tufted or close together, erect to leaning, smooth except in inflorescence.

Leaves

mostly sheath;

principal blades cusplike, thickened, rarely over 4 mm.

proximal sheaths hispid-hirsute, median smooth, distal progressively shorter, smoother;

principal blades toward midculm, linear to lance-linear, flat, 5–15 cm, smooth to sparsely strigose or puberulent, margins proximally or entirely spreading, hispid-ciliate.

Inflorescences

strictly terminal;

spikelets 1 or 2–5, sessile in clusters, exceeding short-linear subtending bract.

in clusters of terminal spikelets or from 1–2(–3) penultimate nodes, proximalmost involucral bract exceeding peduncle and cluster, distalmost shorter.

Spikelets

ovoid to lance-ovoid, 7–10(–15) mm, apex blunt;

fertile scales ovate to obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, ciliate;

mucro erect, 1/2 or less length of scale;

median ribs mostly 5.

ovoid to cylindric, 10–15(–20) mm;

fertile scales 3–3.5 mm;

cusp excurved, length of scale;

median ribs 3, strong.

Flowers

perianth bristles equaling or slightly longer than perianth stipes, retrorsely barbellate;

perianth blades ovate, as long as claws, 2–2.5 mm, base thinner, 3-ribbed, apex compressed-conic, apiculate;

anthers linear-oblong, 2 mm.

perianth bristles incurved, mostly shorter than perianth stipe, mostly smooth;

perianth blades short-oblong, ± equal to stipes, apex acute, strongly incurved, thickened distally, sometimes apiculate;

anthers 3, 1–1.3 mm.

Achenes

body angles pale, wirelike, faces lustrous red-brown or chestnut brown, 1 mm;

beak narrow, linear, distally papillate or scabridulous.

body trigonous, angles wirelike, faces lustrous brown or red-brown, 1 mm;

beak linear, hispidulous at dilated tip.

2n

= 46.

= 46.

Fuirena scirpoidea

Fuirena breviseta

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall. Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Sands and peats, inner edges of brackish marsh, interdunal swales, mostly along seacoast Inner edges of brackish marsh, bogs, wet flatwoods and savannas, ditches
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX; West Indies (Cuba)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; West Indies (Cuba)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 23, p. 34. FNA vol. 23.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Fuirena Cyperaceae > Fuirena
Sibling taxa
F. breviseta, F. bushii, F. longa, F. pumila, F. simplex, F. squarrosa
F. bushii, F. longa, F. pumila, F. scirpoidea, F. simplex, F. squarrosa
Synonyms Scirpus scirpoideus, Vaginaria richardii F. squarrosa var. breviseta
Name authority Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 38, plate 7. (1803) (Coville) Coville: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 466. (1901)
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