Froelichia arizonica |
Froelichia texana |
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Arizona Snake-cotton |
Texas Snake-cotton |
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Habit | Plants perennial; taproot enlarged, woody. | Plants perennial; taproot enlarged, woody. |
Stems | 1–several, ascending or decumbent, often branched distally, 3–10 dm, sericeous-tomentose with white hairs. |
1–several, ascending or decumbent, simple or branched, 3–10 dm, thinly grayish white-tomentose. |
Leaves | usually crowded at base, few on stems, sessile or short-petiolate; blade lanceolate, proximal leaves 3–12 × 0.5–2.5 cm, base attenuate, apex acute or rarely obtuse, scaberulous or canescent adaxially, sericeous-tomentose with bright whitish hairs abaxially. |
sessile or short-petiolate; blade ovate-orbiculate or short-lanceolate, proximal leaves 2.5–3.5–12 × 1–4.8 cm, base attenuate to rounded or obtuse, apex obtuse to acute, floccose-tomentose with grayish white hairs abaxially, sparsely canescent adaxially. |
Spikes | dense, stout, flowers arranged in 3-ranked spiral; bracteoles dark, glabrous. |
lax, flowers arranged in 5-ranked spiral; bracteoles stramineous or light brown, glabrous. |
Flowers | (3.5–)4–5.5 mm; perianth lobes narrowly oblong, apex obtuse, or acutish, pubescence dense, bright white; filament lobes stramineous or darkened, blunt. |
3–4.6 mm; tepals narrowly oblong, apex obtuse or acutish, pubescence of mature flowers sparse, dull; pseudostaminodes darkened, apex blunt. |
Utricles | narrowly or broadly winged laterally, 2.5–5.5 × 3–4.5 mm, longer than broad, wing margins irregularly dentate, 1 or both surfaces of perianth with 1 or more basal tubercles or spines. |
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Fruting | perianth broadly winged laterally, 3.2–4.6 × 3–4.2 mm, nearly as broad as long, wing margins entire or crenulate, face of perianth with or without 1 basal tubercle or spine. |
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Froelichia arizonica |
Froelichia texana |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Open rocky or gravelly hillsides | Open sandy plains, edges of open oak woodlands |
Elevation | 700-2200 m (2300-7200 ft) | 0-200 m (0-700 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León)
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TX; Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas) |
Discussion | Froelichia texana has been a relatively obscure taxon and has either been included within a broadly defined F. floridana or within F. interrupta (Linnaeus) Moquin-Tandon, a wide-ranging and morphologically variable species extending from northern Mexico to Peru. Similarities in overall growth form and the lack of divisions on the lateral wings of the mature perianth led to the long inclusion of this species within F. interrupta, although more detailed analysis points to a closer phylogenetic relationship between F. texana and F. floridana. Froelichia interrupta has been reported to occur within the range of the flora; however, most of those records are, in fact, F. texana or misidentified F. arizonica. While I have seen no records definitively placing F. interrupta in the flora, I suspect it could occur as I have observed F. interrupta growing at higher elevations in northern Sonora. A suspected specimen of F. interrupta would key to F. texana, but differ by having a 3-ranked inflorescence and the fruiting perianth would always lack a basal tubercle or spine. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 4, p. 445. | FNA vol. 4, p. 445. |
Parent taxa | Amaranthaceae > Froelichia | Amaranthaceae > Froelichia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | F. interrupta var. cordata | |
Name authority | Thornber ex Standley: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 21: 128. (1917) | J. M. Coulter & Fisher: Bot. Gaz. 17: 350. (1892) |
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