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Fritillaria recurva

red bells, scarlet fritillary

brown bells, brown fritillary

Bulb

scales: large 6; small 20–30.

scales: large 1–4; small 12–60.

Stem

3–9 dm.

4–9 dm.

Leaves

in 1–3 whorls of 2–5 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 3–15 cm;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate.

in 1–3 whorls of 4–6 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4.5–15 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate;

distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf.

Flowers

nodding;

perianth slender;

tepals scarlet, checkered with yellow adaxially and purple abaxially, 1.5–3.7 cm, apex usually strongly recurved;

nectaries yellow, narrowly lanceolate, 1/4 tepal length or less;

style obviously branched for 1/4–1/2 its length, branches ± erect, longer than 1.5 mm.

nodding;

tepals purplish to greenish white, sometimes faintly mottled, 1–2 cm, apex not recurved;

nectaries greenish white, dotted purple, narrowly lanceolate, more than 1/3 but less than 1/2 tepal length;

style obviously branched for 1/3–2/3 its length, branches strongly recurved, longer than 1.5 mm.

Capsules

winged.

broadly winged.

2n

= 24, 36.

= 24.

Fritillaria recurva

Fritillaria micrantha

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Dry hillsides in shrubland or woodlands Dry benches and slopes to forest
Elevation 300–2200 m [1000–7200 ft] 300–1800 m [1000–5900 ft]
Distribution
map from FNA
CA; NV; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
map from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety coccinea has been recognized by a number of authors, but examination of numerous specimens indicates no consistent distinction. In some cases, different plants from the same population appear to align with different varieties.

The Shasta and Yana tribes used Fritillaria recurva bulbs as food.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Liliaceae > Fritillaria Liliaceae > Fritillaria
Sibling taxa
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. micrantha, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. striata, F. viridea
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. recurva, F. striata, F. viridea
Synonyms F. recurva var. coccinea F. parviflora
Name authority Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 340. (1857) A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 6: 83. (1910)
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 171. Treatment author: Bryan Ness. FNA vol. 26, p. 170. Treatment author: Bryan Ness.
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