Fritillaria recurva |
Fritillaria camschatcensis |
|
|---|---|---|
|
red bells, scarlet fritillary |
black lily, Indian rice, Kamchatka fritillary, northern rice-root, rice-root fritillary |
|
| Bulb | scales: large 6; small 20–30. |
scales: large 6–15; small 30–190. |
| Stem | 3–9 dm. |
2–6 dm. |
| Leaves | in 1–3 whorls of 2–5 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 3–15 cm; blade linear to narrowly lanceolate. |
in 1–3 whorls of 5–9 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4–10 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate; distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf. |
| Flowers | nodding; perianth slender; tepals scarlet, checkered with yellow adaxially and purple abaxially, 1.5–3.7 cm, apex usually strongly recurved; nectaries yellow, narrowly lanceolate, 1/4 tepal length or less; style obviously branched for 1/4–1/2 its length, branches ± erect, longer than 1.5 mm. |
spreading to nodding, odor unpleasant; tepals dark greenish brown to brownish purple, sometimes streaked or spotted with yellow, oblong-elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 2–3 cm, apex not recurved; nectaries obscure, same color as tepals, linear, ± equaling tepal length; style obviously branched for 2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm. |
| Capsules | winged. |
cylindric-ovoid. |
| 2n | = 24, 36. |
= 24, 36. |
Fritillaria recurva |
Fritillaria camschatcensis |
|
| Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jun. | Flowering May–Jul. |
| Habitat | Dry hillsides in shrubland or woodlands | Moist areas from near tideflats to mountain meadows |
| Elevation | 300–2200 m [1000–7200 ft] | 0–1000 m [0–3300 ft] |
| Distribution |
CA; NV; OR
|
AK; OR; WA; BC; Asia (Japan, Russia)
|
| Discussion | Variety coccinea has been recognized by a number of authors, but examination of numerous specimens indicates no consistent distinction. In some cases, different plants from the same population appear to align with different varieties. The Shasta and Yana tribes used Fritillaria recurva bulbs as food. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Coastal Native Americans used bulbs of this species for food. Often the bulbs were dried and later added to other foods, especially soups and fish dishes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
| Parent taxa | ||
| Sibling taxa | ||
| Synonyms | F. recurva var. coccinea | Lilium camschatcense |
| Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 340. (1857) | (Linnaeus) Ker Gawler: Bot. Mag. 30: under plate 1216. (1809) |
| Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 171. | FNA vol. 26, p. 168. |
| Web links | ||