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Fritillaria recurva

red bells, scarlet fritillary

stink bells

Bulb

scales: large 6; small 20–30.

scales: large 2–9; small 0–2.

Stem

3–9 dm.

3–6 dm.

Leaves

in 1–3 whorls of 2–5 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 3–15 cm;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate.

5–12, alternate, crowded near proximal center of stem, 5–15 cm;

blade linear to lanceolate-oblong.

Flowers

nodding;

perianth slender;

tepals scarlet, checkered with yellow adaxially and purple abaxially, 1.5–3.7 cm, apex usually strongly recurved;

nectaries yellow, narrowly lanceolate, 1/4 tepal length or less;

style obviously branched for 1/4–1/2 its length, branches ± erect, longer than 1.5 mm.

nodding, odor definitely unpleasant;

tepals greenish to purplish brown adaxially, white or yellow abaxially, ovate, 1.8–3.5 cm, apex not recurved;

nectaries prominent, green, narrowly linear, forming narrow band 2/3 to equaling tepal length;

style obviously branched for 1/2 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm.

Capsules

winged.

angled.

2n

= 24, 36.

= 24.

Fritillaria recurva

Fritillaria agrestis

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun. Flowering Mar–Apr.
Habitat Dry hillsides in shrubland or woodlands Depressions with clay or other heavy soils
Elevation 300–2200 m [1000–7200 ft] 0–500 m [0–1600 ft]
Distribution
map from FNA
CA; NV; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
map from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety coccinea has been recognized by a number of authors, but examination of numerous specimens indicates no consistent distinction. In some cases, different plants from the same population appear to align with different varieties.

The Shasta and Yana tribes used Fritillaria recurva bulbs as food.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

This species is uncommon.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Parent taxa Liliaceae > Fritillaria Liliaceae > Fritillaria
Sibling taxa
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. micrantha, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. striata, F. viridea
F. affinis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. micrantha, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. recurva, F. striata, F. viridea
Synonyms F. recurva var. coccinea F. biflora var. agrestis
Name authority Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 340. (1857) Greene: Erythea 3: 67. (1895)
Source FNA vol. 26, p. 171. Treatment author: Bryan Ness. FNA vol. 26. Treatment author: Bryan Ness.
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