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red bells, scarlet fritillary

Davidson's fritillary, pine fritillary, pine woods fritillary

Bulb scales

large 6; small 20–30.

large 2–5; small 45–50.

Stem

3–9 dm.

1–4 dm, ± glaucous.

Leaves

in 1–3 whorls of 2–5 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 3–15 cm;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate.

4–20, in whorls of 2–3 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 5–15 cm, often equaling or larger than inflorescence;

blade linear, glaucous;

distal leaves usually ca. 1/3–1/2 length of proximalmost leaf.

Flowers

nodding;

perianth slender;

tepals scarlet, checkered with yellow adaxially and purple abaxially, 1.5–3.7 cm, apex usually strongly recurved;

nectaries yellow, narrowly lanceolate, 1/4 tepal length or less;

style obviously branched for 1/4–1/2 its length, branches ± erect, longer than 1.5 mm.

± erect, occasionally nodding;

tepals purplish, clearly mottled greenish yellow, 1.4–1.9 cm, apex not recurved;

nectaries obscure, yellow, dotted brown, widely ovate, 2/3 tepal length;

style obviously branched to near base, branches longer than 1.5 mm.

Capsules

winged.

angled.

2n

= 24, 36.

= 26.

Fritillaria recurva

Fritillaria pinetorum

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun. Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat Dry hillsides in shrubland or woodlands Shaded or partially shaded granitic slopes
Elevation 300–2200 m (1000–7200 ft) 1800–3200 m (5900–10500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; NV; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Variety coccinea has been recognized by a number of authors, but examination of numerous specimens indicates no consistent distinction. In some cases, different plants from the same population appear to align with different varieties.

The Shasta and Yana tribes used Fritillaria recurva bulbs as food.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Fritillaria pinetorum is easily confused with F. atropurpurea.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 171. FNA vol. 26, p. 170.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Fritillaria Liliaceae > Fritillaria
Sibling taxa
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. micrantha, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. striata, F. viridea
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. micrantha, F. ojaiensis, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. recurva, F. striata, F. viridea
Synonyms F. recurva var. coccinea F. atropurpurea var. pinetorum
Name authority Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 340. (1857) Davidson: Muhlenbergia 4: 67. (1908)
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