Fritillaria camschatcensis |
Fritillaria recurva |
|
---|---|---|
black lily, Indian rice, Kamchatka fritillary, northern rice-root, rice-root fritillary |
red bells, scarlet fritillary |
|
Bulb scales | large 6–15; small 30–190. |
large 6; small 20–30. |
Stem | 2–6 dm. |
3–9 dm. |
Leaves | in 1–3 whorls of 5–9 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4–10 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate; distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf. |
in 1–3 whorls of 2–5 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 3–15 cm; blade linear to narrowly lanceolate. |
Flowers | spreading to nodding, odor unpleasant; tepals dark greenish brown to brownish purple, sometimes streaked or spotted with yellow, oblong-elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 2–3 cm, apex not recurved; nectaries obscure, same color as tepals, linear, ± equaling tepal length; style obviously branched for 2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm. |
nodding; perianth slender; tepals scarlet, checkered with yellow adaxially and purple abaxially, 1.5–3.7 cm, apex usually strongly recurved; nectaries yellow, narrowly lanceolate, 1/4 tepal length or less; style obviously branched for 1/4–1/2 its length, branches ± erect, longer than 1.5 mm. |
Capsules | cylindric-ovoid. |
winged. |
2n | = 24, 36. |
= 24, 36. |
Fritillaria camschatcensis |
Fritillaria recurva |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Moist areas from near tideflats to mountain meadows | Dry hillsides in shrubland or woodlands |
Elevation | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) | 300–2200 m (1000–7200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; OR; WA; BC; Asia (Japan, Russia)
|
CA; NV; OR
|
Discussion | Coastal Native Americans used bulbs of this species for food. Often the bulbs were dried and later added to other foods, especially soups and fish dishes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Variety coccinea has been recognized by a number of authors, but examination of numerous specimens indicates no consistent distinction. In some cases, different plants from the same population appear to align with different varieties. The Shasta and Yana tribes used Fritillaria recurva bulbs as food. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 168. | FNA vol. 26, p. 171. |
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Fritillaria | Liliaceae > Fritillaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lilium camschatcense | F. recurva var. coccinea |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Ker Gawler: Bot. Mag. 30: under plate 1216. (1809) | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 340. (1857) |
Web links |