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black lily, Indian rice, Kamchatka fritillary, northern rice-root, rice-root fritillary

brown bells, brown fritillary

Bulb scales

large 6–15; small 30–190.

large 1–4; small 12–60.

Stem

2–6 dm.

4–9 dm.

Leaves

in 1–3 whorls of 5–9 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4–10 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence;

blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate;

distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf.

in 1–3 whorls of 4–6 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4.5–15 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence;

blade linear to narrowly lanceolate;

distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf.

Flowers

spreading to nodding, odor unpleasant;

tepals dark greenish brown to brownish purple, sometimes streaked or spotted with yellow, oblong-elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 2–3 cm, apex not recurved;

nectaries obscure, same color as tepals, linear, ± equaling tepal length;

style obviously branched for 2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm.

nodding;

tepals purplish to greenish white, sometimes faintly mottled, 1–2 cm, apex not recurved;

nectaries greenish white, dotted purple, narrowly lanceolate, more than 1/3 but less than 1/2 tepal length;

style obviously branched for 1/3–2/3 its length, branches strongly recurved, longer than 1.5 mm.

Capsules

cylindric-ovoid.

broadly winged.

2n

= 24, 36.

= 24.

Fritillaria camschatcensis

Fritillaria micrantha

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Moist areas from near tideflats to mountain meadows Dry benches and slopes to forest
Elevation 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) 300–1800 m (1000–5900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; OR; WA; BC; Asia (Japan, Russia)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Coastal Native Americans used bulbs of this species for food. Often the bulbs were dried and later added to other foods, especially soups and fish dishes.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 168. FNA vol. 26, p. 170.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Fritillaria Liliaceae > Fritillaria
Sibling taxa
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. micrantha, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. recurva, F. striata, F. viridea
F. affinis, F. agrestis, F. atropurpurea, F. biflora, F. brandegeei, F. camschatcensis, F. eastwoodiae, F. falcata, F. gentneri, F. glauca, F. liliacea, F. ojaiensis, F. pinetorum, F. pluriflora, F. pudica, F. purdyi, F. recurva, F. striata, F. viridea
Synonyms Lilium camschatcense F. parviflora
Name authority (Linnaeus) Ker Gawler: Bot. Mag. 30: under plate 1216. (1809) A. Heller: Muhlenbergia 6: 83. (1910)
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