Fritillaria camschatcensis |
Fritillaria eastwoodiae |
|
---|---|---|
black lily, Indian rice, Kamchatka fritillary, northern rice-root, rice-root fritillary |
Butte County fritillary |
|
Bulb scales | large 6–15; small 30–190. |
large 2–5; small 10–60. |
Stem | 2–6 dm. |
2–8 dm. |
Leaves | in 1–3 whorls of 5–9 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 4–10 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence; blade narrowly to broadly lanceolate; distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf. |
in 1–2 whorls of 3–5 leaves per node proximally, alternate distally, 5–10 cm, usually shorter than inflorescence; blade linear to narrowly lanceolate, ± glaucous; distal leaves usually ± equaling proximalmost leaf. |
Flowers | spreading to nodding, odor unpleasant; tepals dark greenish brown to brownish purple, sometimes streaked or spotted with yellow, oblong-elliptic to elliptic-obovate, 2–3 cm, apex not recurved; nectaries obscure, same color as tepals, linear, ± equaling tepal length; style obviously branched for 2/3 its length, branches longer than 1.5 mm. |
nodding; tepals pale greenish yellow to red, narrowly elliptic, 1–1.7 cm, apex usually flared to slightly recurved; nectaries green, gold, or yellow, lanceolate, less than 1/3 tepal length; style obviously branched for less than 1/2 its length, branches barely recurved, longer than 1.5 mm. |
Capsules | cylindric-ovoid. |
angled. |
2n | = 24, 36. |
= 24, 34, 36. |
Fritillaria camschatcensis |
Fritillaria eastwoodiae |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Moist areas from near tideflats to mountain meadows | Dry benches and slopes, sometimes on serpentine, in chaparral or beneath conifers |
Elevation | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) | 500–1500 m (1600–4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; OR; WA; BC; Asia (Japan, Russia)
|
CA; OR |
Discussion | Coastal Native Americans used bulbs of this species for food. Often the bulbs were dried and later added to other foods, especially soups and fish dishes. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
This species is highly variable and shows evidence of either being of hybrid origin between Fritillaria recurva and F. micrantha, or, if it is of separate origin, appearing to hybridize easily with those two species. In the northern part of its range, F. eastwoodiae intergrades with F. recurva, whereas in the southern part of its range it intergrades with F. micrantha. Occasional individuals throughout the range display traits of both F. recurva and F. micrantha. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 168. | FNA vol. 26, p. 169. |
Parent taxa | Liliaceae > Fritillaria | Liliaceae > Fritillaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lilium camschatcense | F. phaeanthera |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Ker Gawler: Bot. Mag. 30: under plate 1216. (1809) | R. M. MacFarlane: Madroño 25: 95. (1978) |
Web links |