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tuft frasera, Utah elkweed, Utah frasera

Frasera albicaulis

white-stem elkweed, white-stem frasera

Habit Herbs monocarpic, (4–)7–15 dm, glabrous. Herbs perennial, 1–6.5 dm.
Stems

usually 1.

1–few, with several rosettes.

Leaf

blades white-margined;

basal linear-lanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, 5–20 × 0.7–2(–3) cm;

cauline leaves opposite, distal blades lanceolate.

blades narrowly white-margined;

basal oblanceolate, 4–23 × 0.3–1.2(–2) cm, basal leaves generally longer than lowest internode;

cauline leaves opposite, proximal blades oblanceolate to oblong, distal linear-oblong.

Inflorescences

diffuse.

narrow, 1.5–4(–5) cm wide, interrupted proximally, ± continuous distally.

Flowers

calyx 3–6 mm;

corolla greenish white to greenish yellow, dark green- or purple-dotted, 7–12 mm, lobes elliptic-ovate, apex abruptly acuminate;

androecial corona ± fringed;

style slender, distinct;

nectaries 2 per lobe, in closely paired, ± separate foveae, foveae opening distal to nectaries, into a single widely ovate-triangular differentiated area on the corolla surface shaped ± like the spade on playing cards, rim ± sparsely short- to long-fringed.

calyx 3–7(–12) mm;

corolla greenish white to pale or medium blue, usually dark blue- to purple-dotted and/or with a dark blue, purple, or green central stripe (except in var. idahoensis), 6–12 mm, lobes oblong-obovate-elliptic, widest near midlength, abruptly tapering to acute to short-acuminate apex;

androecial corona scales present, variable among the varieties;

style slender, distinct;

nectaries and foveae 1 per corolla lobe, foveae distal to nectary, opening into an elliptic-oblong to lance-ovate differentiated area on the corolla surface, rim fringed all around but with fringes shorter distally, or not fringed toward distal end.

Frasera paniculata

Frasera albicaulis

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat Desert scrub, dry, open pinyon-juniper woods, often on pink sand dunes.
Elevation 1200–2200 m. (3900–7200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; NM; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
w United States
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The only specimen from Nevada identified as Frasera paniculata has been reidentified as F. albomarginata var. albomarginata in studies for this flora.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 5 (5 in the flora).

Frasera albicaulis varies in vegetative and abaxial corolla puberulence and in the size and dissection of the androecial corona. It has sometimes been divided into several species and additional varieties, but, from the material available for study at the time of this writing, it appears appropriate to recognize only five varieties, although F. ackermaniae might be considered for inclusion at varietal rank. Each of these varieties has a more or less distinct geographic range, but some intergrade.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems and abaxial or both leaf surfaces puberu­lent; rim of differentiated area on corolla surface not fringed at distal end.
→ 2
2. Corona scales oblong, margins lacerate or deeply toothed, ultimate divisions threadlike.
var. albicaulis
2. Corona scales ovate to obovate or oblan­ceolate, margins entire or shallowly 2–3-lobed, rarely absent.
var. modocensis
1. Stems glabrous; leaf blades glabrous or puberulent only near base and abaxially along midvein; rim of differentiated area on corolla surface fringed all around, fringes shorter near distal end.
→ 3
3. Corona scales ovate to elliptic, margins entire or shallowly undulate-erose or toothed.
var. cusickii
3. Corona scales ovate to elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, margins lacerate or deeply lobed.
→ 4
4. Corollas greenish white or pale to medium blue, generally with dark blue to purple spots; corona scales 1–4 mm, oblong-lanceolate.
var. nitida
4. Corollas pale blue, usually without darker spots; corona scales 2–6 mm, widely ovate to elliptic.
var. idahoensis
Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Gentianaceae > Frasera Gentianaceae > Frasera
Sibling taxa
F. ackermaniae, F. albicaulis, F. albomarginata, F. caroliniensis, F. coloradensis, F. fastigiata, F. gypsicola, F. montana, F. neglecta, F. parryi, F. puberulenta, F. speciosa, F. tubulosa, F. umpquaensis
F. ackermaniae, F. albomarginata, F. caroliniensis, F. coloradensis, F. fastigiata, F. gypsicola, F. montana, F. neglecta, F. paniculata, F. parryi, F. puberulenta, F. speciosa, F. tubulosa, F. umpquaensis
Subordinate taxa
F. albicaulis var. albicaulis, F. albicaulis var. cusickii, F. albicaulis var. idahoensis, F. albicaulis var. modocensis, F. albicaulis var. nitida
Synonyms F. utahensis, Leucocraspedum utahense, Swertia utahensis Leucocraspedum albicaule, Swertia albicaulis
Name authority Torrey in War Department [U.S.]: Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 126. (1857) Grisebach in W. J. Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 67, plate 154. (1837)
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