Fragaria vesca |
Fragaria vesca subsp. californica |
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wild strawberry, wood strawberry, woodland strawberry, woods strawberry |
California strawberry, woodland strawberry |
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Habit | Plants hermaphroditic (sometimes pistillate in subsp. bracteata). | |||||||||||||
Leaves | bright green (sometimes darker green in subsp. californica), not glaucous, thin, not leathery, not reticulately veined abaxially, terminal tooth of terminal leaflet longer than or equal to adjacent teeth (sometimes equal to or shorter than adjacent teeth in subsp. californica). |
green to dark green; terminal leaflet blade ± round or slightly ovate-rhombic, length/width 0.9–1.3, teeth: relative number 0.4–0.9, relative size 1–2.3, terminal tooth equal to or shorter than adjacent teeth. |
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Flowers | bisexual or unisexual; hypanthium 11–21.2 mm diam.; petals 5, ± obovate to nearly orbiculate, margins overlapping or distinct. |
bisexual, 17–22 mm diam.; hypanthium 11–18.1 mm diam.; petals white, widely obovate to nearly orbiculate, margins distinct, sometimes crenate. |
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Achenes | deeply embedded, in shallow pits, or superficial, yellowish green to reddish brown, 1–1.5 mm; bractlets and sepals clasping, spreading, or reflexed in fruit; torus easily or not easily separating from hypanthium. |
superficial or in shallow pits; bractlets and sepals spreading or reflexed; torus carmine or red, shiny, globose to ± oblong, easily separating from hypanthium. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Fragaria vesca |
Fragaria vesca subsp. californica |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | |||||||||||||
Habitat | Coastal strand, grassy coastal areas, coniferous forests | |||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–100 m [0–300 ft] | |||||||||||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; Mexico; Eurasia [Introduced in West Indies, South America, Pacific Islands]
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CA; OR; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur) |
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Discussion | Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Whether subsp. bracteata has introgressed into subsp. californica not only in northern California and Oregon, but also in southern California, should be investigated. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 275. | FNA vol. 9, p. 276. | ||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||
Synonyms | F. californica | |||||||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753) | (Chamisso & Schlechtendal) Staudt: Canad. J. Bot. 40: 872. (1962) | ||||||||||||
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