Fragaria vesca |
Fragaria chiloensis |
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wild strawberry, wood strawberry, woodland strawberry, woods strawberry |
beach strawberry, Chilean or beach or sand strawberry, Chilean strawberry, coastal strawberry, Pacific coast strawberry |
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Habit | Plants hermaphroditic (sometimes pistillate in subsp. bracteata). | Plants hermaphroditic or unisexual. | ||||||||||||||||
Leaves | bright green (sometimes darker green in subsp. californica), not glaucous, thin, not leathery, not reticulately veined abaxially, terminal tooth of terminal leaflet longer than or equal to adjacent teeth (sometimes equal to or shorter than adjacent teeth in subsp. californica). |
dark or dull green, not glaucous, thick, leathery, strongly reticulately veined abaxially, terminal tooth of terminal leaflet usually shorter than adjacent teeth, abaxial surface densely silky, adaxial glabrous, shiny. |
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Flowers | bisexual or unisexual; hypanthium 11–21.2 mm diam.; petals 5, ± obovate to nearly orbiculate, margins overlapping or distinct. |
bisexual, pistillate or staminate (plants dioecious or trioecious); hypanthium 14.5–27.8 mm diam.; petals 5(or 6), obovate to widely depressed obovate, margins distinct or overlapping. |
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Achenes | deeply embedded, in shallow pits, or superficial, yellowish green to reddish brown, 1–1.5 mm; bractlets and sepals clasping, spreading, or reflexed in fruit; torus easily or not easily separating from hypanthium. |
in shallow pits or partially embedded, reddish brown to dark brown, 1.4–2 mm; bractlets and sepals clasping; torus not easily separated from hypanthium. |
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Fragaria vesca |
Fragaria chiloensis |
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Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; MA; ME; MI; MN; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NM; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; Mexico; Eurasia [Introduced in West Indies, South America, Pacific Islands]
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AK; CA; OR; WA; BC; South America
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Discussion | Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies 4 (2 in the flora). Fragaria chiloensis was first described from cultivated plants that had been selected in Chile at least 400 years ago and brought to Europe in 1714. Subsequently, it was realized that wild-growing plants of this species exist in North America and South America. The typical subspecies is restricted to South America; subspp. lucida and pacifica are present in North America, and the latter in Hawaii as well. The proposal by K. E. Hokanson et al. (2006) to classify subsp. lucida and subsp. pacifica as forms of one North American subspecies seems inappropriate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 275. | FNA vol. 9, p. 278. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | F. vesca var. chiloensis | |||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 494. (1753) | (Linnaeus) Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Fragaria no. 4. (1768) | ||||||||||||||||
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