Fragaria chiloensis |
Rosaceae subfam. rosoideae |
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beach strawberry, Chilean or beach or sand strawberry, Chilean strawberry, coastal strawberry, Pacific coast strawberry |
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Habit | Plants hermaphroditic or unisexual. | Herbs, shrubs, or subshrubs. | ||||
Leaves | dark or dull green, not glaucous, thick, leathery, strongly reticulately veined abaxially, terminal tooth of terminal leaflet usually shorter than adjacent teeth, abaxial surface densely silky, adaxial glabrous, shiny. |
alternate, rarely opposite, pinnately compound, sometimes simple or palmately compound; stipules present, rarely absent. |
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Flowers | bisexual, pistillate or staminate (plants dioecious or trioecious); hypanthium 14.5–27.8 mm diam.; petals 5(or 6), obovate to widely depressed obovate, margins distinct or overlapping. |
torus usually enlarged, sometimes small or absent; carpels 1–260(–450), distinct, free, styles distinct, rarely connate (Roseae); ovules 1(or 2), collateral (Rubeae) or superposed (Fallugia, Filipendula). |
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Fruits | achenes or aggregated achenes sometimes with fleshy, urn-shaped hypanthium or enlarged torus, sometimes aggregated drupelets; styles persistent or deciduous, not elongate (elongate but not plumose in Geum). |
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Achenes | in shallow pits or partially embedded, reddish brown to dark brown, 1.4–2 mm; bractlets and sepals clasping; torus not easily separated from hypanthium. |
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x | = 7(8). |
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Fragaria chiloensis |
Rosaceae subfam. rosoideae |
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Distribution |
AK; CA; OR; WA; BC; South America
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North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda; Eurasia; Africa; Atlantic Islands; Indian Ocean Islands; Pacific Islands; Australia |
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Discussion | Subspecies 4 (2 in the flora). Fragaria chiloensis was first described from cultivated plants that had been selected in Chile at least 400 years ago and brought to Europe in 1714. Subsequently, it was realized that wild-growing plants of this species exist in North America and South America. The typical subspecies is restricted to South America; subspp. lucida and pacifica are present in North America, and the latter in Hawaii as well. The proposal by K. E. Hokanson et al. (2006) to classify subsp. lucida and subsp. pacifica as forms of one North American subspecies seems inappropriate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Variation in the number of genera in subfam. Rosoideae is due to differences in generic delimitation between D. Potter et al. (2007) and the authors of some Potentilleae genera. Cyanogenic glycosides and sorbitol are absent in the subfamily. Tribes 6, genera 28–35, species ca. 1600 (6 tribes, 26 genera, 302 species, including 1 hybrid, in the flora) (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 278. | FNA vol. 9, p. 23. | ||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Fragaria | Rosaceae | ||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | F. vesca var. chiloensis | |||||
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Miller: Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Fragaria no. 4. (1768) | Arnott: Botany, 107. (1832) | ||||
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