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American tarwort, tarbush

tarwort

Habit Shrubs to 100(–200) cm. Subshrubs or shrubs [trees], to 100(–200)[–500+] cm.
Stems

erect, branched from bases or ± throughout.

Leaves

blades elliptic to ovate, 10–25(–40+) × 4–15(–20) mm (margins sometimes undulate).

cauline; alternate; petiolate [nearly sessile];

blades pinnately nerved, mostly elliptic to lance-oblong or ovate, bases rounded to cuneate, margins entire [toothed], faces glabrous or ± scabrellous, usually gland-dotted and vernicose.

Involucres

campanulate to hemispheric, 4–20 mm diam.

Receptacles

flat to conic-ovoid, paleate (paleae conduplicate, cartilaginous to scarious).

Ray florets

0.

0 or [5–]13–21, either neuter, or styliferous and sterile;

corollas yellow.

Disc florets

10–25(–40);

corollas 3–4 mm.

10–50[–150], bisexual, fertile;

corollas yellow, tubes much shorter than cylindric-funnelform throats, lobes 5, ± deltate.

Phyllaries

persistent, 12–40 in 2–4+ series (subequal or unequal, outer longer).

Heads

discoid or radiate, borne ± singly or in ± spiciform arrays.

Cypselae

4–6.5 mm;

pappi 2.5–3.5 mm.

± compressed or flattened [subterete], oblong to oblanceolate (not winged, ± sericeous);

pappi persistent or tardily falling, of 2 subulate scales.

x

= 9.

2n

= 36.

Flourensia cernua

Flourensia

Phenology Flowering mostly Sep–Nov.
Habitat Limestone or alkaline or clay soils, gravelly sites, desert scrub
Elevation 800–2000+ m (2600–6600+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
sw United States; Mexico; Central America; South America
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plants of Flourensia cernua usually have a tarry odor and are often locally co-dominant with Larrea tridentata throughout much of the Chihuahuan Desert.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species ca. 30 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Shrubs; leaf blades elliptic to ovate, 10–25(–40+) × 4–15(–20) mm; ray florets 0
F. cernua
1. Subshrubs; leaf blades elliptic to lance-oblong, (20–)50–100 × 10–40+ mm; ray florets 13–21
F. pringlei
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 118. FNA vol. 21, p. 117. Author: John L. Strother.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Flourensia Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae
Sibling taxa
F. pringlei
Subordinate taxa
F. cernua, F. pringlei
Name authority de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 593. (1836) de Candolle: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 592. (1836)
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