Flaveria bidentis
Flaveria campestris
coastal plain yellowtops
alkali yellowtops
erect.
usually erect (tufted-pubescent at nodes).
petiolate (proximal, petioles 3–15 mm) or sessile (distal);
blades lanceolate-elliptic, 50–120(–180) × 10–25(–70) mm, bases (distal) connate, margins serrate or spinulose serrate.
sessile;
bladeslinear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 30–90 × 6–22 mm, bases barely connate, margins strongly to weakly serrate or spinulose-serrate.
oblong-angular, 5 mm.
urceolate or oblong, 6–7 mm.
0 or 1;
laminae pale yellow, ovate-oblique, to 1 mm (not or barely surpassing phyllaries).
0 or 1, laminae yellow, ovate, 1.5–2.5 mm (apices notched).
(2–)3–8;
corolla tubes ca. 0.8 mm, throats funnelform, 0.8 mm.
5–6(–8);, corolla tubes 0.8–1.3 mm, throats funnelform, 1.2–1.7 mm.
3(–4), oblong.
3, elliptic, obovate, or oblong-obovate.
of 1–2 linear bractlets 1–2 mm.
of 2 linear-lanceolate bractlets 1–3 mm.
20–100+ in tight subglomerules in scorpioid, cymiform arrays.
(10–)15–100+, in tight subglomerules in corymbiform arrays.
oblanceolate or subclavate, 2–2.5 mm (those of ray florets longer);
pappi 0.
oblanceolate, linear, or oblong, 2.8–3.6 mm (those of rays longer by ca. 0.2 mm), pappi 0.
= 36.
= 36 (18).
Flaveria bidentis
Flaveria campestris
In the United States, Flaveria bidentis often occurs on ballast and waste ground near wharfs and the shore, locations that suggest its introduction from sailing vessels. The species is widespread and well established in South America, where it is thought to be native. Its floral structure appears to be the least advanced among the annual species of Flaveria, the heads being in somewhat scorpioid arrays. Distinguishing characteristics are 3(–4) phyllaries, 2–8 florets per head, reduced ray corollas, pubescent stems, and lanceolate-elliptic, bluish green, sometimes pubescent leaves. Flaveria bidentis is probably most closely related to F. campestris and F. trinervia.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Flaveria campestris is distinguished by subglomerulate capitulescences with 5–6(–8) florets per head, subtended by 3 leafy bracts, keeled phyllaries, and linear-lanceolate leaves with serrate or spinulose-serrate margins, and its distribution. The prevalence of F. campestris fluctuates greatly from year to year, generally depending on the existence of wet, saline habitat.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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