Fissidens taxifolius |
Fissidens taylorii |
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fissidens moss, yew-leaf pocket moss |
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Habit | Plants to 11 × 3.5 mm. | Plants 1.4–1.6 × 0.5–1 mm. |
Stem | mostly branched; axillary hyaline nodules absent; central strand present. |
unbranched; axillary hyaline nodules present; central strand absent. |
Leaves | as many as 15 pairs, often undulate, oblong to lanceolate, obtuse to broadly acute, cuspidate, to 2.7 mm × 0.6 mm; dorsal lamina truncate-rounded proximally, ending at insertion, not decurrent; vaginant laminae 2/3 the leaf length, ± equal, minor lamina ending on or near margin; margin evenly serrulate, often crenulate-serrulate on dorsal and ventral laminae, elimbate; costa ending in cuspidate apex, taxifolius-type; laminal cells 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 8–11 µm frequently paler at margin, conspicuously mammillose in vaginant laminae, larger and clearer juxtacostally. |
as many as 9 pairs, lanceolate, acute to obtuse-apiculate, to 0.5–1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending at insertion or slightly before; vaginant laminae 1/2–2/3 leaf length, ± unequal, minor lamina ending near margin; margin ± entire, elimbate or irregularly limbate, limbidium best developed on perichaetial and subtending leaves, limbidial cells 1-stratose, infrequently 2-stratose; costa ending 2–3 cells before apex to percurrent, bryoides-type; laminal cells 1-stratose, smooth, slightly bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 9–11 µm, many slightly longer than wide. |
Seta | to 17 mm. |
2–23.5 mm. |
Sexual condition | rhizautoicous; perigonia on short branches proximal to elongate stems; perichaetia on short, proximal, axillary branches. |
rhizautoicous and gonioautoicous; perigonia gemmiform, proximal to infertile and fertile stems, and axillary. |
Capsule | theca slightly inclined, slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm; peristome taxifolius-type; operculum to 1 mm. |
theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric to ± arcuate, bilaterally symmetric; peristome bryoides-type; operculum 0.2 mm. |
Calyptra | cucullate, smooth, to 2 mm. |
and spores not seen. |
Spores | 13–18 µm. |
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Sporophytes | 1 per perichaetium. |
1 per perichaetium. |
Fissidens taxifolius |
Fissidens taylorii |
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Habitat | Damp, shaded soil, humus, and rocks | Moist soil on banks of drainage ditches |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; South America (Brazil and Chile); Europe; Asia (China, Japan); Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
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AR; CA; Mexico; South America; West Indies; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia |
Discussion | Fissidens taxifolius is distinguished by evenly serrulate or crenulate-serrulate leaf margin, stout costa ending in leaf cusp, conspicuous mammillose cells in the vaginant laminae, and sporophytes on short branches in the axils of proximal leaves. It can be confused with F. bushii, but that species is smaller, has costa shorter, and cells in the vaginant laminae have small, more or less inconspicuous papillae in the corners of the walls. Fissidens taxifolius usually occurs on shaded, damp soil or humus, whereas F. bushii is usually found on disturbed soil in woods, along paths, and in road cuts. Fissidens clebschii is considered to be a freakish expression of F. taxifolius (R. A. Pursell 2003). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Fissidens taylorii, named in honor of the collector of the type specimen, Thomas Taylor, an Irish botanist, has been collected in the United State only twice. It is similar to F. curvatus by virtue of its dimorphic stems and typical bryoides-type peristome, but differs in its shorter costa and weaker limbidium. The limbidium can be quite variable; smaller leaves can be elimbate while larger leaves are limbate on all laminae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 341. | FNA vol. 27, p. 347. |
Parent taxa | Fissidentaceae > Fissidens | Fissidentaceae > Fissidens |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | F. clebschii | |
Name authority | Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 155, plate 39, figs. 1–5. (1801) | Müller Hal.: Syn. Musc. Frond. 1: 65. (1848) |
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