Flora of North America species comparison

unbranched and branched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand present or absent.

unbranched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand absent.

as many as 20 pairs, elliptic to broadly lanceolate to oblong-lingulate, acute, short-acuminate to obtuse-apiculate, to 2 × 0.5 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending before insertion to ± decurrent;

vaginant laminae 2/3–3/4 leaf length, equal;

margin ± entire but usually serrulate distally, limbate on all laminae, limbidium usually ending a few cells before apex, frequently edged by 1–2 rows of quadrate to oblong chlorophyllose cells in proximal parts of vaginant laminae, limbidial cells 1–2-stratose;

costa percurrent to ending 2–5 cells before leaf, infrequently short-excurrent, bryoides-type;

laminal cells 1-stratose, smooth, strongly bulging, densely chlorophyllose, ± obscure, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to hexagonal, usually arranged in discernable rows in distal part of leaf, 6–10 µm, twice as deep as wide.

as many as 4 pairs, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, acute to obtuse-apiculate, to 2.1 × 0.4 mm;

dorsal lamina ending before insertion;

vaginant laminae 2/5 leaf length, unequal, minor lamina narrowed, ending on or near costa;

margin of dorsal and ventral laminae ± entire to crenate-serrulate, crenate-dentate on vaginant laminae, elimbate;

costa percurrent to ending 2–3 cells before apex, bryoides-type;

laminal cells distinct, smooth, plane, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to irregularly hexagonal, 10–15 µm, marginal cells slightly smaller, vaginant laminal cells somewhat larger with 2–3 intralaminal rows irregularly elongate.

to 9 mm.

2–9 mm.

gonioautoicous and rhizautoicous.

rhizautoicous;

perigonia gemmiform, proximal to perichaetial stems or scattered over protonemata.

theca exserted, inclined, bilaterally symmetric to erect, radially symmetric, to 1 mm;

peristome bryoides-type;

operculum 0.5 mm.

theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric, infrequently slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 0.7 mm;

operculum 0.4–0.6 mm;

peristome scariosus-type.

cucullate, smooth, 0.8 mm.

cucullate, smooth, 0.5 mm.

10–16 µm.

11–14 µm.

1–2 per perichaetium.

1 per perichaetium.