Flora of North America species comparison

unbranched and branched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand present or absent.

mostly branched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand present.

as many as 20 pairs, elliptic to broadly lanceolate to oblong-lingulate, acute, short-acuminate to obtuse-apiculate, to 2 × 0.5 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending before insertion to ± decurrent;

vaginant laminae 2/3–3/4 leaf length, equal;

margin ± entire but usually serrulate distally, limbate on all laminae, limbidium usually ending a few cells before apex, frequently edged by 1–2 rows of quadrate to oblong chlorophyllose cells in proximal parts of vaginant laminae, limbidial cells 1–2-stratose;

costa percurrent to ending 2–5 cells before leaf, infrequently short-excurrent, bryoides-type;

laminal cells 1-stratose, smooth, strongly bulging, densely chlorophyllose, ± obscure, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to hexagonal, usually arranged in discernable rows in distal part of leaf, 6–10 µm, twice as deep as wide.

as many as 60 pairs, somewhat undulate, oblong to lanceolate, acute, occasionally obtuse, to 3.5 × 1.2 mm;

dorsal lamina rounded or narrowed proximally, ending at insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae 1/2–3/5 the leaf length, ± equal, minor lamina ending on or near margin;

margin crenulate to regularly serrulate but irregularly serrate distally, elimbate;

costa ending 2–3 cells before apex to percurrent, taxifolius-type;

laminal cells usually 1-stratose, infrequently and irregularly 2-stratose in the dorsal and ventral laminae, distinct, smooth, ± plane, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to hexagonal, 10–20 µm, 1–5 marginal rows usually thinner with slightly thicker walls, forming a lighter marginal band, juxtacostal cells larger, mostly oblong and pellucid;

vaginant laminal cells somewhat larger.

to 9 mm.

to 25 mm.

gonioautoicous and rhizautoicous.

dioicous (?);

perigonia not seen;

perichaetia on short axillary branches, generally confined to proximal half of stems.

theca exserted, inclined, bilaterally symmetric to erect, radially symmetric, to 1 mm;

peristome bryoides-type;

operculum 0.5 mm.

theca mostly ± inclined, ± arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm;

peristome taxifolius-type;

operculum to 1.5 mm.

cucullate, smooth, 0.8 mm.

cucullate, smooth, to 2.5 mm.

10–16 µm.

13–22 µm.

1–2 per perichaetium.

1 per perichetium.