Fissidens asplenioides |
Fissidens taylorii |
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asplenium fissidens moss |
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Habit | Plants to 250 × 4 mm. | Plants 1.4–1.6 × 0.5–1 mm. |
Stem | unbranched and sparingly branched; axillary hyaline nodules weak; central strand present. |
unbranched; axillary hyaline nodules present; central strand absent. |
Leaves | in as many as 25 pairs, often undulate, mostly lingulate, rounded to obtuse to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate, to 4 × 0.5 mm; dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending before or at insertion, not decurrent; vaginant laminae 1/2–3/4 the leaf length, unequal, minor lamina of most leaves rounded and free distally, or narrowed distally and ending on or near costa; margin ± entire to crenulate-serrulate, sometimes unevenly so distally, elimbate except for a weak limbidium in the proximal parts of vaginant laminae, limbidial cells 1-stratose; costa ending several cells before apex, oblongifolius-type, distal part of leaf in transverse section showing enlarged cells arranged in a single row; laminal cells of dorsal and ventral laminae 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, lenticularly thickened but appearing bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 7–12 µm long; juxtacostal and interior proximal cells of vaginant laminae 1-stratose, smooth, plane, quadrate to ± oblong, larger; medial marginal cells of vaginant laminae ± elongate, oriented obliquely. |
as many as 9 pairs, lanceolate, acute to obtuse-apiculate, to 0.5–1 × 0.1–0.2 mm; dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending at insertion or slightly before; vaginant laminae 1/2–2/3 leaf length, ± unequal, minor lamina ending near margin; margin ± entire, elimbate or irregularly limbate, limbidium best developed on perichaetial and subtending leaves, limbidial cells 1-stratose, infrequently 2-stratose; costa ending 2–3 cells before apex to percurrent, bryoides-type; laminal cells 1-stratose, smooth, slightly bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 9–11 µm, many slightly longer than wide. |
Seta | to 6 mm. |
2–23.5 mm. |
Sexual condition | dioicous; perigonia and perichaetia on elongate stems; naked archegonia at times in axils of distal leaves. |
rhizautoicous and gonioautoicous; perigonia gemmiform, proximal to infertile and fertile stems, and axillary. |
Capsule | theca ± erect, radially symmetric to slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm; peristome taxifolius-type; operculum ± as long as theca. |
theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric to ± arcuate, bilaterally symmetric; peristome bryoides-type; operculum 0.2 mm. |
Calyptra | cucullate, smooth, 1–1.7 µm. Spores 7.5–12 µm. |
and spores not seen. |
Sporophytes | 1–2 per perichaetium, orange-red. |
1 per perichaetium. |
Fissidens asplenioides |
Fissidens taylorii |
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Habitat | Sandstone ledges and crevices in moist ravines and grottoes, usually along streams and waterfalls | Moist soil on banks of drainage ditches |
Distribution |
AL; GA; KY; LA; MS; NC; SC; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies; Asia; Africa; Atlantic Islands (Macaronesia); Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia |
AR; CA; Mexico; South America; West Indies; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia |
Discussion | Fissidens asplenioides, usually a robust species, is recognized by leaves typically curled tightly inward from the tips when dry, a minor lamina that in most leaves is rounded distally and attached more or less only along costa, lenticularly thickened dorsal and ventral laminal cells, elongate medial marginal cells of the vaginant laminae oriented obliquely, and oblongifolius-type costa which in the distal part of the leaf in transverse section shows a single row of enlarged cells. The oblongifolius-type costa, found in F. asplenioides and F. santa-clarensis, is unique to sect. Amblyothallia of subg. Pachyfissidens (R. A. Pursell and M. A. Bruggeman-Nannenga 2004). Subterranean, multicellular, irregularly globose, rhizoidal gemmae have been reported in Macaronesian specimens of F. asplenioides. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Fissidens taylorii, named in honor of the collector of the type specimen, Thomas Taylor, an Irish botanist, has been collected in the United State only twice. It is similar to F. curvatus by virtue of its dimorphic stems and typical bryoides-type peristome, but differs in its shorter costa and weaker limbidium. The limbidium can be quite variable; smaller leaves can be elimbate while larger leaves are limbate on all laminae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 337. | FNA vol. 27, p. 347. |
Parent taxa | Fissidentaceae > Fissidens | Fissidentaceae > Fissidens |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 156. (1801) | Müller Hal.: Syn. Musc. Frond. 1: 65. (1848) |
Web links |