Flora of North America species comparison

unbranched and sparingly branched;

axillary hyaline nodules weak;

central strand present.

branched and unbranched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand weak or absent.

in as many as 25 pairs, often undulate, mostly lingulate, rounded to obtuse to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate, to 4 × 0.5 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending before or at insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae 1/2–3/4 the leaf length, unequal, minor lamina of most leaves rounded and free distally, or narrowed distally and ending on or near costa;

margin ± entire to crenulate-serrulate, sometimes unevenly so distally, elimbate except for a weak limbidium in the proximal parts of vaginant laminae, limbidial cells 1-stratose;

costa ending several cells before apex, oblongifolius-type, distal part of leaf in transverse section showing enlarged cells arranged in a single row;

laminal cells of dorsal and ventral laminae 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, lenticularly thickened but appearing bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 7–12 µm long;

juxtacostal and interior proximal cells of vaginant laminae 1-stratose, smooth, plane, quadrate to ± oblong, larger;

medial marginal cells of vaginant laminae ± elongate, oriented obliquely.

as many as 18 pairs, lingulate to lanceolate, rounded to obtuse to broadly acute, to 1 × 0.25 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed or rounded proximally, ending at insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae ± 1/2–2/3 leaf length, ± unequal, minor lamina ending near margin;

margin serrulate, limbate, ± entire in proximal 1/3–1/2 of perichaetial and subtending 1–2 pairs of leaves, limbidium sometimes indistinct, limbidial cells 1-stratose;

costa ending 3–25 cells before apex, often spurred distally, bryoides-type;

laminal cells 1-stratose, pluripapillose, obscure, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to hexagonal, 4–8 µm, in transverse section usually twice as deep as wide.

to 6 mm.

to 2 mm.

dioicous;

perigonia and perichaetia on elongate stems;

naked archegonia at times in axils of distal leaves.

rhizautoicous, cladautoicous, rarely gonioautoicous.

theca ± erect, radially symmetric to slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm;

peristome taxifolius-type;

operculum ± as long as theca.

theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric, to 0.6 mm;

peristome scariosus-type;

operculum 0.3 mm.

cucullate, smooth, 1–1.7 µm. Spores 7.5–12 µm.

cucullate, ± prorate, 0.3 µm. Spores 9–14µm.

1–2 per perichaetium, orange-red.

1–2 per perichaetium.