Flora of North America species comparison

unbranched and sparingly branched;

axillary hyaline nodules weak;

central strand present.

unbranched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand absent.

in as many as 25 pairs, often undulate, mostly lingulate, rounded to obtuse to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate, to 4 × 0.5 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending before or at insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae 1/2–3/4 the leaf length, unequal, minor lamina of most leaves rounded and free distally, or narrowed distally and ending on or near costa;

margin ± entire to crenulate-serrulate, sometimes unevenly so distally, elimbate except for a weak limbidium in the proximal parts of vaginant laminae, limbidial cells 1-stratose;

costa ending several cells before apex, oblongifolius-type, distal part of leaf in transverse section showing enlarged cells arranged in a single row;

laminal cells of dorsal and ventral laminae 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, lenticularly thickened but appearing bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 7–12 µm long;

juxtacostal and interior proximal cells of vaginant laminae 1-stratose, smooth, plane, quadrate to ± oblong, larger;

medial marginal cells of vaginant laminae ± elongate, oriented obliquely.

as many as 4 pairs, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, acute to obtuse-apiculate, to 2.1 × 0.4 mm;

dorsal lamina ending before insertion;

vaginant laminae 2/5 leaf length, unequal, minor lamina narrowed, ending on or near costa;

margin of dorsal and ventral laminae ± entire to crenate-serrulate, crenate-dentate on vaginant laminae, elimbate;

costa percurrent to ending 2–3 cells before apex, bryoides-type;

laminal cells distinct, smooth, plane, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to irregularly hexagonal, 10–15 µm, marginal cells slightly smaller, vaginant laminal cells somewhat larger with 2–3 intralaminal rows irregularly elongate.

to 6 mm.

2–9 mm.

dioicous;

perigonia and perichaetia on elongate stems;

naked archegonia at times in axils of distal leaves.

rhizautoicous;

perigonia gemmiform, proximal to perichaetial stems or scattered over protonemata.

theca ± erect, radially symmetric to slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm;

peristome taxifolius-type;

operculum ± as long as theca.

theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric, infrequently slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 0.7 mm;

operculum 0.4–0.6 mm;

peristome scariosus-type.

cucullate, smooth, 1–1.7 µm. Spores 7.5–12 µm.

cucullate, smooth, 0.5 mm.

11–14 µm.

1–2 per perichaetium, orange-red.

1 per perichaetium.