Flora of North America species comparison

unbranched and sparingly branched;

axillary hyaline nodules weak;

central strand present.

unbranched and branched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand weak.

in as many as 25 pairs, often undulate, mostly lingulate, rounded to obtuse to broadly acute, sometimes apiculate, to 4 × 0.5 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed proximally, ending before or at insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae 1/2–3/4 the leaf length, unequal, minor lamina of most leaves rounded and free distally, or narrowed distally and ending on or near costa;

margin ± entire to crenulate-serrulate, sometimes unevenly so distally, elimbate except for a weak limbidium in the proximal parts of vaginant laminae, limbidial cells 1-stratose;

costa ending several cells before apex, oblongifolius-type, distal part of leaf in transverse section showing enlarged cells arranged in a single row;

laminal cells of dorsal and ventral laminae 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, lenticularly thickened but appearing bulging, firm-walled, irregularly hexagonal, 7–12 µm long;

juxtacostal and interior proximal cells of vaginant laminae 1-stratose, smooth, plane, quadrate to ± oblong, larger;

medial marginal cells of vaginant laminae ± elongate, oriented obliquely.

as many as 12 pairs, oblong to lanceolate, acute to obtuse-apiculate, most ending in a clear, sharp cell, to 1.8 × 0.4 mm;

dorsal lamina narrowed or rounded proximally, ending at or before insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae 1/2–2/3 leaf length, unequal, minor lamina ending near margin;

margin serrulate, limbate and entire to remotely denticulate on proximal 2/3 or less of vaginant laminae of most leaves of perichaetial stems, often absent from leaves of infertile stems, limbidium intralaminal in part or completely, limbidial cells 1-stratose;

costa ending 2–4 cells before apex or percurrent, ending in apiculus, infrequently short-excurrent, bryoides-type;

lamina cells 1-stratose, pluripapillose, obscure, firm-walled, rounded-hexagonal, 5–8 µm, twice as deep as wide.

to 6 mm.

to 5 mm.

dioicous;

perigonia and perichaetia on elongate stems;

naked archegonia at times in axils of distal leaves.

rhizautoicous and gonioautoicous.

theca ± erect, radially symmetric to slightly arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm;

peristome taxifolius-type;

operculum ± as long as theca.

theca exserted, erect, radially symmetric, to 0.8 mm;

peristome scariosus-type;

operculum to 0.5 mm.

cucullate, smooth, 1–1.7 µm. Spores 7.5–12 µm.

cucullate, smooth, to 0.6 mm.

9–13 µm.

1–2 per perichaetium, orange-red.

1 per perichaetium.