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fissidens moss, maidenhair pocket-moss

Habit Plants to 85 × 5 mm.
Stem

mostly branched;

axillary hyaline nodules absent;

central strand present.

Leaves

as many as 60 pairs, somewhat undulate, oblong to lanceolate, acute, occasionally obtuse, to 3.5 × 1.2 mm;

dorsal lamina rounded or narrowed proximally, ending at insertion, not decurrent;

vaginant laminae 1/2–3/5 the leaf length, ± equal, minor lamina ending on or near margin;

margin crenulate to regularly serrulate but irregularly serrate distally, elimbate;

costa ending 2–3 cells before apex to percurrent, taxifolius-type;

laminal cells usually 1-stratose, infrequently and irregularly 2-stratose in the dorsal and ventral laminae, distinct, smooth, ± plane, firm-walled, irregularly quadrate to hexagonal, 10–20 µm, 1–5 marginal rows usually thinner with slightly thicker walls, forming a lighter marginal band, juxtacostal cells larger, mostly oblong and pellucid;

vaginant laminal cells somewhat larger.

Seta

to 25 mm.

Sexual condition

dioicous (?);

perigonia not seen;

perichaetia on short axillary branches, generally confined to proximal half of stems.

Capsule

theca mostly ± inclined, ± arcuate, bilaterally symmetric, to 1.5 mm;

peristome taxifolius-type;

operculum to 1.5 mm.

Calyptra

cucullate, smooth, to 2.5 mm.

Spores

13–22 µm.

Sporophyte

1 per perichetium.

Fissidens adianthoides

Habitat Seepage areas, along streams, near waterfalls, meadows, soil, around bases of trees, decaying wood, dripping limestone and sandstone rocks and boulders
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; CA; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; NB; NF; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Asia; Greenland; Europe; Africa
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Discussion

The usually 1-stratose, distinct, smooth, plane laminal cells, lighter band of marginal laminal cells, and short perichaetial stems in the axils of proximal leaves distinguish Fissidens adianthoides. The species, nevertheless, can be confused with F. osmundioides, which has similar laminal cells without a marginal band of lighter cells and a serrate leaf apex, but which differs in having terminal perichaetia and papillose rhizoids. Fissidens dubius, which also has short perichaetial stems in the axils of proximal leaves and often a lighter band of marginal laminal cells, differs from F. adianthoides in its smaller and rather obscure laminal cells that are consistently irregularly 2-stratose. Fissidens adianthoides and F. dubius (as F. cristatus), according to cytological evidence presented by L. E. Anderson and V. S. Bryan (1956), are distantly related.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 27, p. 339.
Parent taxa Fissidentaceae > Fissidens
Sibling taxa
F. amoenus, F. aphelotaxifolius, F. appalachensis, F. arcticus, F. asplenioides, F. bryoides, F. bushii, F. closteri, F. crispus, F. curvatus, F. dubius, F. elegans, F. exilis, F. fontanus, F. grandifrons, F. hallianus, F. hyalinus, F. leptophyllus, F. littlei, F. minutulus, F. obtusifolius, F. osmundioides, F. pallidinervis, F. pauperculus, F. pellucidus, F. polypodioides, F. santa-clarensis, F. scalaris, F. serratus, F. subbasilaris, F. sublimbatus, F. submarginatus, F. taxifolius, F. taylorii, F. ventricosus, F. zollingeri
Synonyms F. adianthoides var. immarginatus
Name authority Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 157. (1801)
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