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Vahl's fimbristylis, Vahl's fimbry

hurricanegrass

Habit Plants annual, cespitose, delicate, 4–15 cm, bases soft; rhizomes absent. Plants perennial, cespitose, (5–)10–60 cm, bases hard, glabrous; rhizomes absent.
Leaves

polystichous, mostly spreading or excurved, often exceeding culms;

sheaths entire, abaxially smooth or sparsely hirtellous;

ligule absent;

blades filiform, to 0.5 mm wide, somewhat involute, abaxially glabrous or ascending-strigillose.

polystichous, mostly spreading-excurved, to 1/2 as long as culms;

sheaths usually entire;

ligule absent;

blades linear, 2–3 mm wide, flat or shallowly involute, margin scabrid, apex blunt.

Inflorescences

terminal;

spikelets sessile or subsessile in single capitate leafy-involucrate cluster;

scapes filiform;

involucral bracts leafy, setaceous, greatly overtopping inflorescence.

simple or compound anthelae with numerous small pedunculate clusters of sessile spikelets;

scapes linear, distally terete, 1–2 mm thick;

involucral bracts short, usually shorter than inflorescence.

Spikelets

greenish, cylindric to lanceoloid-cylindric, 5–10 mm;

fertile scales narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm, acute, glabrous, midrib strong, excurrent as cusp.

greenish brown or yellow-brown, ovoid, 2–3 mm;

fertile scales broadly ovate, 1–1.5 mm, obtuse or apically notched, midrib not excurrent.

Flowers

stamens 1;

styles 2-fid, slender, bulbous-based, smooth or papillate.

stamens usually 1;

styles 2-fid, slender, glabrous.

Achenes

pale, tumidly obovoid, 0.5–0.7 mm, cancellate, pits horizontally rectangular in 5–7 vertical rows per side.

dark brown to nearly black, tumidly obovoid, rarely obscurely 3-ribbed, 1 mm, faintly striate to variously warty, faintly reticulate.

2n

= 20.

= 56.

Fimbristylis vahlii

Fimbristylis cymosa

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall. Fruiting all year.
Habitat Moist to wet, alluvial or mineralized banks, shores, fluctuating pond and lake edges, often a “drawdown” plant around stock tanks and reservoirs Sands of sea beaches, brackish sandy open sites, often disturbed, commonly just in from mangrove or on sandy road shoulders
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; AZ; CA; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NE; OK; SC; TN; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America
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from FNA
FL; s Mexico; Central America; South America; Africa; Asia; Indian Ocean Islands; Pacific Islands; Australia
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Discussion

New World examples of Fimbristylis cymosa are almost exclusively bicarpellate, with bifid styles; Old World Oceania examples are tricarpellate, with trifid styles, a form not covered in this treatment.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 127. FNA vol. 23, p. 128.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis Cyperaceae > Fimbristylis
Sibling taxa
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. brevivaginata, F. caroliniana, F. castanea, F. cymosa, F. decipiens, F. dichotoma, F. miliacea, F. perpusilla, F. puberula, F. schoenoides, F. squarrosa, F. thermalis, F. tomentosa
F. annua, F. autumnalis, F. brevivaginata, F. caroliniana, F. castanea, F. decipiens, F. dichotoma, F. miliacea, F. perpusilla, F. puberula, F. schoenoides, F. squarrosa, F. thermalis, F. tomentosa, F. vahlii
Synonyms Scirpus vahlii, F. apus, F. congesta, F. vincentii, Isolepis vahlii, Scirpus apus F. melanospora, F. obtusifolia, F. sintenisii, F. spathacea, Scirpus obtusifolius
Name authority (Lamarck) Link: Hort. Berol. 1: 287. (1827) R. Brown: Prodr., 228. (1810)
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